Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Waitematā District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand.
Health Soc Care Community. 2022 Nov;30(6):e4280-e4292. doi: 10.1111/hsc.13821. Epub 2022 May 11.
Chronic pain is common in older people. However, little is known about how pain is experienced in residents of retirement villages ('villages'), and how pain intensity and associations are experienced in relation to characteristics of residents and village living. We thus aimed to examine pain levels, prevalence and associated factors in village residents. The current paper is a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the 'Older People in Retirement Villages' study in Auckland, New Zealand. Between July 2016 and August 2018, 578 village residents were interviewed face-to-face by gerontology nurse specialists, using interRAI Community Health Assessment (CHA) and customised survey. We used a validated pain scale and multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusted for pre-specified confounders. Residents' median age was 82 years; 420 (73%) were female; 270 (47%) exhibited/reported daily pain, and in 11% this was severe. After controlling for confounders, daily pain was positively associated with self-reported arthritis (OR = 3.88, 95% CI = 2.57-5.87), poor/fair self-reported health (OR = 3.19, 95% CI = 1.29-7.93), having no health clinic on-site (OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.10-2.83), and minimal fatigue (diminished energy but completes normal day-to-day activities) (OR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.11-2.81). Similar associations were observed for levels of pain. We conclude that levels of pain and prevalence of daily pain are high in village residents. Self-reported arthritis, self-reported poor/fair health, no health clinic on-site and minimal fatigue are all independently associated with a higher risk of daily pain and with levels of pain. This study suggests potential opportunities for villages to better provide on-site support to decrease prevalence and severity of pain for their residents, and thus potentially increase wellbeing and quality-of-life, though as we cannot prove causality, more research is needed.
慢性疼痛在老年人中很常见。然而，对于退休村（“村庄”）居民的疼痛体验以及与居民特征和村庄生活相关的疼痛强度和关联，人们知之甚少。因此，我们旨在研究村庄居民的疼痛水平、患病率和相关因素。本文是新西兰奥克兰“退休村老年人”研究的基线数据的横断面分析。在 2016 年 7 月至 2018 年 8 月期间，老年病学护士专家通过 interRAI 社区健康评估（CHA）和定制调查对 578 名村庄居民进行了面对面访谈。我们使用了经过验证的疼痛量表和多变量逻辑回归分析，并针对预先指定的混杂因素进行了调整。居民的中位年龄为 82 岁；420 名（73%）为女性；270 名（47%）表现出/报告每天疼痛，11%的人疼痛严重。在控制混杂因素后，每天疼痛与自我报告的关节炎呈正相关（OR=3.88，95%CI=2.57-5.87）、自我报告的健康状况不佳/一般（OR=3.19，95%CI=1.29-7.93）、现场没有诊所（OR=1.76，95%CI=1.10-2.83）和最小疲劳（能量减弱但完成日常活动）（OR=1.77，95%CI=1.11-2.81）。疼痛水平也观察到类似的关联。我们的结论是，村庄居民的疼痛水平和每日疼痛的患病率都很高。自我报告的关节炎、自我报告的健康状况不佳/一般、现场没有诊所和最小疲劳均与每日疼痛风险增加和疼痛水平升高独立相关。这项研究表明，村庄有潜力通过提供现场支持来降低居民的疼痛发生率和严重程度，从而提高幸福感和生活质量，但由于我们不能证明因果关系，因此还需要更多的研究。
