Division of Post Harvest Management, ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226101, India.
Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226028, India.
Arch Microbiol. 2022 May 11;204(6):313. doi: 10.1007/s00203-022-02913-x.
Fruit and vegetable wastes create unhygienic conditions and pose a environmental pollution. The utilization of such wastes as carbon sources for production of enzyme with microbial intervention could be an ecofriendly and profitable approach, apart from diminishing the waste load. The present investigation focused on the feasibility of using mosambi (Citrus limetta) peel as substrate for multienzyme production (pectinase, cellulase and amylase) through microbial intervention. Fifteen fungi were isolated from organic waste and screened in vitro their potential of biodegradation of mosambi peel through enzymes production. The best performing isolate was selected and identified as Trichoderma asperellum NG-125 (accession number-MW287256). Conditions viz. temperature, pH, incubation time and nutrient addition were optimized for efficient enzymes production. The maximum enzyme activity (U ml min) of pectinase (595.7 ± 2.47), cellulase (497.3 ± 2.06) and amylase (440.9 ± 1.44) were observed at pH 5.5, incubation temperature of 30 °C after 10 days of fermentation. Moreover, macro-nutrients such as ammonium sulfate (0.1%) and potassium-di-hydrogen-ortho-phosphate (0.01%) further also enhanced the production of enzymes. The SDS-PAGE analysis of purified pectinase, cellulase and amylase using showed molecular mass of 43, 66 and 33 kDa, respectively. The enzyme retention activity (ERA) of aforesaid enzymes was also tested with four different natural fiber matrices viz., bagasse, rice husk, paddy straw and wheat straw. Among these, the maximum ERA was observed on bagasse matrix (pectinase-56.35%, cellulose-77.68% and amylase 59.54%). Enzymatic juice clarification yield obtained with test enzyme was 75.8%, as compared to 80.5% of commercial enzyme. The result indicates that T. asperellum may be exploited as multifaceted biocatalysis.
水果和蔬菜废物造成不卫生的条件，并造成环境污染。利用这些废物作为微生物干预生产酶的碳源可能是一种环保和盈利的方法，除了减少废物负荷。本研究集中于使用芒吉（Citrus limetta）果皮作为多酶生产（果胶酶、纤维素酶和淀粉酶）的基质的可行性，通过微生物干预。从有机废物中分离出 15 种真菌，并在体外筛选它们通过酶生产降解芒吉果皮的潜在能力。选择表现最好的分离物并鉴定为 Aspergillus asperellum NG-125（登录号 MW287256）。优化了温度、pH 值、孵育时间和营养物添加等条件，以实现高效酶生产。果胶酶（595.7±2.47）、纤维素酶（497.3±2.06）和淀粉酶（440.9±1.44）的最大酶活性（U/ml·min）分别在 pH5.5、30℃下发酵 10 天后观察到。此外，铵盐（0.1%）和磷酸二氢钾（0.01%）等大量营养素也进一步提高了酶的产量。用 SDS-PAGE 分析纯化的果胶酶、纤维素酶和淀粉酶，显示分子量分别为 43、66 和 33 kDa。还测试了上述酶的酶保留活性（ERA）与四种不同的天然纤维基质，即甘蔗渣、稻壳、稻秆和麦秆。在这些酶中，在甘蔗渣基质上观察到最大的 ERA（果胶酶-56.35%、纤维素酶-77.68%和淀粉酶 59.54%）。用测试酶获得的酶解液澄清度收率为 75.8%，而商业酶为 80.5%。结果表明，T. asperellum 可作为多方面的生物催化。
