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评估早产儿视网膜病变和新生儿的其他眼部变化。

Evaluation of the prematurity retinopathy and other eye changes in the newborn.

机构信息

Hospital Municipal e Maternidade Escola Dr. Mário de Moraes Altenfelder Silva, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Walden University, Minneapolis, MN, United States.

出版信息

Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2022 May 6;20:eAO6692. doi: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2022AO6692. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To assess the prevalence of ophthalmologic manifestations in newborns in a maternity hospital in the city of São Paulo, SP, and the main risk factors related with the development of retinopathy of prematurity.

METHODS

A retrospective, longitudinal study with patients born from 2015 to 2017 who required ophthalmological evaluation. The research variables were obtained by analysis of the newborn medical charts.

RESULTS

A total of 773 patients were studied. The sample consisted of 288 examinations performed by indication of gestational age ≤32 weeks: 118 (42.4%) in 2015, 105 (42.2%) in 2016, 65 (26.4%) cases in 2017. There were 329 evaluations indicated due to birth weight: 113 (40.6%) in 2015, 108 (43.4%) in 2016, and 108 (43.9%) in 2017. The prevalence of associated risk factors was 97 (34.9%) cases in 2015, 96 (38.6%) in 2016, and 54 (22%) in 2017, followed by mechanical ventilation with 82 (29.5%) cases in 2015, 64 (25.7%) in 2016 and 41 (16.7%) in 2017, and continuous positive airway pressure with 59 (21.2%) cases in 2015, 72 (28.9%) in 2016, and 46 (18.7%) in 2017. For the other indications, the evaluations performed due to congenital syphilis were the majority in the 3-year period of the study, with 55 (19.8%) newborns in 2015, 54 (21.7%) in 2016, and 59 (24.0%) in 2017. The most prevalent ophthalmologic diagnosis was retinopathy of prematurity, with 79 (35.3%) cases in 2015, 64 (32.2%) in 2016, and 41 (24.1%) in 2017.

CONCLUSION

Most neonates born in the organization do not present risk factors for ophthalmological manifestations. Retinopathy of prematurity was the disease with greater strength of association found in our study. For the other indications, the evaluations performed due to congenital syphilis prevail in the 3- year period of the study.

摘要

目的

评估圣保罗市一家妇产医院新生儿的眼科表现患病率,以及与早产儿视网膜病变发展相关的主要危险因素。

方法

这是一项回顾性、纵向研究,研究对象为 2015 年至 2017 年期间需要眼科评估的患者。研究变量通过新生儿病历分析获得。

结果

共研究了 773 名患者。样本包括由胎龄≤32 周指示进行的 288 次检查:2015 年 118 例(42.4%),2016 年 105 例(42.2%),2017 年 65 例(26.4%)。因出生体重指示进行了 329 次评估:2015 年 113 例(40.6%),2016 年 108 例(43.4%),2017 年 108 例(43.9%)。2015 年、2016 年和 2017 年相关危险因素的患病率分别为 97(34.9%)、96(38.6%)和 54(22%),其次是机械通气,2015 年 82 例(29.5%),2016 年 64 例(25.7%),2017 年 41 例(16.7%),持续气道正压通气,2015 年 59 例(21.2%),2016 年 72 例(28.9%),2017 年 46 例(18.7%)。对于其他指征,在研究的 3 年期间,由于先天性梅毒进行的评估占多数,2015 年有 55 例(19.8%)新生儿,2016 年有 54 例(21.7%),2017 年有 59 例(24.0%)。最常见的眼科诊断是早产儿视网膜病变,2015 年有 79 例(35.3%),2016 年有 64 例(32.2%),2017 年有 41 例(24.1%)。

结论

该组织中出生的大多数新生儿没有眼科表现的危险因素。早产儿视网膜病变是我们研究中发现与关联最强的疾病。对于其他指征,在研究的 3 年期间,由于先天性梅毒进行的评估占多数。

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