Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
School of Public Policy, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Bioresour Technol. 2022 Jul;356:127277. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127277. Epub 2022 May 8.
There is an increasing interest in deep eutectic solvent (DES) and ionic liquid (IL) for lignin and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) production from lignocellulosic biomass, but their economic costs raise great concerns. In this study, the effects of DES (ZnCl-lactic acid)/IL([EMIM]Cl)/metal catalysts (CuCl-CrCl) recycling time, acetone/water washing volume, HMF yield, and production capacity on total capital investment, annual operating cost, and net present value (NPV) of the refinery were elucidated. Results showed that annual operating cost was highly associated with DES/IL/metal catalysts recycling time as it determined raw materials cost. The HMF MSP of $16453/MT for the base case (ZnCl/lactic acid recycling 5 times, acetone/water washing 5 volumes, CuCl-CrCl-[EMIM]Cl recycling 10 times, HMF yield of 55%, and production capacity of 100 MT/h) was achieved with an IRR of 10%. Sensitivity analysis identified the unit costs of lactic acid and [EMIM]Cl as the dominant contributors to the HMF MSP.
人们对深共晶溶剂 (DES) 和离子液体 (IL) 越来越感兴趣，因为它们可用于从木质纤维素生物质中生产木质素和 5-羟甲基糠醛 (HMF)，但它们的经济成本引起了极大的关注。在这项研究中，研究了 DES (ZnCl-乳酸)/IL([EMIM]Cl)/金属催化剂 (CuCl-CrCl) 回收时间、丙酮/水洗涤体积、HMF 产率和生产能力对炼油厂总资本投资、年运营成本和净现值 (NPV) 的影响。结果表明，年运营成本与 DES/IL/金属催化剂的回收时间密切相关，因为它决定了原材料成本。基础案例（ZnCl/乳酸回收 5 次、丙酮/水洗涤 5 次、CuCl-CrCl-[EMIM]Cl 回收 10 次、HMF 产率 55%、产能 100 MT/h）的 HMF 边际销售价格为 16453 美元/MT，内部收益率为 10%。敏感性分析确定了乳酸和[EMIM]Cl 的单位成本是 HMF 边际销售价格的主要贡献因素。
