Department of pediatric infectious disease, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Qom, Iran.
Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Acta Biomed. 2022 May 11;93(2):e2022035. doi: 10.23750/abm.v93i2.11018.
Reductions in global tuberculosis incidence are considered as one of the End TB Strategy goal. The diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in children is challenging due to insufficient specimen material and the scarcity of bacilli in specimens. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, characteristics, clinical profiles, laboratory findings and treatment outcomes of children infected with TB in an Iranian referral hospital during a 10-years period.
This study was a retrospective analysis of the medical records of 90 children (£15 years) with a diagnosis of tuberculosis who were admitted to Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran, Iran, between March 2006 and March 2016. The patients' information such as demographic, clinical manifestations, laboratory, radiological and histological tests results, and treatment outcomes were extracted from medical records and were analyzed.
The total prevalence of TB was about 56.6 per 100,000 admitted patients. Most of the patients were between 5 to 12 years. Sixty-one percent were male. Twenty-two percent had the history of TB in their family. Underlying diseases were identified in 30 cases (33%). Thirty-four cases (38%) had pulmonary TB (PTB), 35 cases (39%) had extrapulmonary TB (EPTB), while disseminated TB (DTB) was found in 21 cases (23%). Distribution of DTB in males was higher than in females (36% vs. 6%). In patients < 1 year, DTB was the most frequent type (48 %); however, in patients > 1 year both PTB and EPTB had similar distributions (42%) and were more frequent than DTB (16%). Conclusions: The total prevalence rate of TB in our study was 56.6 per 100,000 admitted patients. Since the mortality rate was higher in infants, children with DTB and children with underlying diseases, early detection and treatment of these patients will help to reduce the mortality rate of TB disease.
全球结核病发病率的降低被认为是终结结核病策略的目标之一。由于儿童的标本材料不足，标本中杆菌稀少，儿童结核病的诊断具有挑战性。本研究旨在评估 10 年来伊朗一家转诊医院感染结核病的儿童的患病率、特征、临床特征、实验室发现和治疗结果。
本研究是对 2006 年 3 月至 2016 年 3 月期间在伊朗德黑兰儿童医学中心医院就诊的 90 名（£15 岁）诊断为结核病的儿童的病历进行的回顾性分析。从病历中提取了患者的信息，如人口统计学、临床表现、实验室、影像学和组织学检查结果以及治疗结果，并进行了分析。
结核病的总患病率约为每 100,000 名住院患者 56.6 例。大多数患者年龄在 5 至 12 岁之间。61%为男性。22%有家族结核病史。在 30 例（33%）患者中发现有潜在疾病。34 例（38%）有肺结核（PTB），35 例（39%）有肺外结核（EPTB），21 例（23%）有播散性结核（DTB）。男性 DTB 的分布高于女性（36%对 6%）。在<1 岁的患者中，DTB 是最常见的类型（48%）；然而，在>1 岁的患者中，PTB 和 EPTB 的分布相似（42%），且比 DTB（16%）更常见。
本研究中结核病的总患病率为每 100,000 名住院患者 56.6 例。由于婴儿、患有 DTB 和患有潜在疾病的儿童死亡率较高，早期发现和治疗这些患者将有助于降低结核病的死亡率。
