Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Peking University Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, Beijing, Peking, China.
Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Adipocyte. 2022 Dec;11(1):287-300. doi: 10.1080/21623945.2022.2072446.
The organoid is a 3D cell architecture formed by self-organized tissues or cells in vitro with similar cell types, histological structures, and biological functions of the native organ. Depending on the unique organ structures and cell types, producing organoids requires individualized design and is still challenging. Organoids of some tissues, including adipose tissue, remain to generate to be more faithful to their original organ in structure and function. We previously established a new model of the origin of adipose cells originating from non-adipose fascia tissue. Here, we investigated superficial fascia fragments in 3D hydrogel and found they were able to transform into relatively large adipocyte aggregates containing mature unilocular adipocytes, which were virtually "fat organoids". Such fascia-originated fat organoids had a typical structure of adipose tissues and possessed the principal function of adipose cells in the synthesis, storage, hydrolysis of triglycerides and adipokines secretion. Producing fat organoids from superficial fascia can provide a new approach for adipocyte research and strongly evidences that both adipose tissues and cells originate from fascia. Our findings give insights into metabolic regulation by the crosstalk between different organs and tissues and provide new knowledge for investigating novel treatments for obesity, diabetes and other metabolic diseases.: 3D: three dimensional; ASC: adipose-derived stromal cells; C/EBP: CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein; EdU: 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine; FABP4: fatty acid-binding protein 4; FAS: fatty acid synthase; FSCs: fascia-derived stromal cells; Plin1: perilipin-1; Plin2: perilipin-2; PPARγ: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ; WAT: white adipose tissue.
类器官是一种 3D 细胞结构，由体外组织或细胞自组织形成，具有类似的细胞类型、组织学结构和生物功能。根据独特的器官结构和细胞类型，类器官的产生需要个性化设计，仍然具有挑战性。一些组织的类器官，包括脂肪组织，仍然需要生成，以在结构和功能上更忠实于它们的原始器官。我们之前建立了一种源自非脂肪筋膜组织的脂肪细胞起源的新模型。在这里，我们研究了 3D 水凝胶中的浅筋膜碎片，发现它们能够转化为相对较大的含有成熟单房脂肪细胞的脂肪细胞聚集体，这些细胞实际上是“脂肪类器官”。这种源自筋膜的脂肪类器官具有脂肪组织的典型结构，并具有脂肪细胞在甘油三酯合成、储存、水解和脂肪因子分泌中的主要功能。从浅筋膜中产生脂肪类器官为脂肪细胞研究提供了一种新方法，并有力地证明了脂肪组织和细胞都源自筋膜。我们的研究结果深入了解了不同器官和组织之间的代谢调节，并为研究肥胖症、糖尿病和其他代谢性疾病的新治疗方法提供了新的知识。3D: 三维;ASC: 脂肪源性基质细胞;C/EBP: CCAAT 增强子结合蛋白;EdU: 5-乙炔基-2-脱氧尿苷;FABP4: 脂肪酸结合蛋白 4;FAS: 脂肪酸合成酶;FSCs: 筋膜衍生的基质细胞;Plin1: 围脂滴蛋白 1;Plin2: 围脂滴蛋白 2;PPARγ: 过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 γ;WAT: 白色脂肪组织。
