Javid Hossein, Karimi-Shahri Mehdi, Khorramdel Malihe, Mashhad Alireza S, Tabrizi Ayda T, Sathyapalan Thozhukat, Afshari Amir R, Sahebkar Amirhossein
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Curr Med Chem. 2023;30(4):390-406. doi: 10.2174/0929867329666220511185745.
The immune system's role in maintaining the health of the gastrointestinal (GI) system is like a double-edged sword. Simultaneously, it could reduce the risk of pathogen invasion by the inflammatory response. However, if regulated improperly, it could also propagate oncogenic signaling that transfers a normal cell into the malignant counterpart. Thus, several mechanisms have been proposed, such as the immune system could disturb the GI homeostasis and increase the survival and proliferative capacity of cells, leading to the formation of a wide range of malignancies. Among the endless list of these mechanisms, inflammatory responses are currently fascinating research areas, as this response regulation is by the gut microbiota. Given this, microbiota manipulation might be a convenient and efficient way to prevent GI cancer. Probiotics could potentially achieve this by overturning the milieu in favor of normal gut homeostasis. In addition to the safety of the use of probiotics, along with their potential ability to interact with immune system responses, these bacteria are also being analyzed from the perspective of dietary supplements. In the present review, we aimed to look into the mechanisms through which probiotics modulate immune response to stimulate anti-inflammatory responses and promote immune surveillance against neoplastic cells.
免疫系统在维持胃肠道（GI）系统健康方面的作用就像一把双刃剑。一方面，它可以通过炎症反应降低病原体入侵的风险。然而，如果调节不当，它也可能传播致癌信号，将正常细胞转变为恶性细胞。因此，人们提出了几种机制，比如免疫系统可能会扰乱胃肠道的内环境稳定，提高细胞的存活和增殖能力，从而导致多种恶性肿瘤的形成。在这些层出不穷的机制中，炎症反应是目前引人入胜的研究领域，因为这种反应是由肠道微生物群调节的。鉴于此，操纵微生物群可能是预防胃肠道癌症的一种方便且有效的方法。益生菌有可能通过扭转有利于正常肠道内环境稳定的环境来实现这一目标。除了使用益生菌的安全性以及它们与免疫系统反应相互作用的潜在能力外，这些细菌也正从膳食补充剂的角度进行分析。在本综述中，我们旨在探究益生菌调节免疫反应以刺激抗炎反应并促进对肿瘤细胞的免疫监视的机制。
