Abd-Eltawab Amany E, Ameer Mariam A, Eladl Mohamed Ahmed, El-Sherbiny Mohamed, Ebrahim Hasnaa Ali, Elsherbini Dalia Mahmoud Abdelmonem
Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.
Biomechanics Department, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 Apr 25;10:863194. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.863194. eCollection 2022.
The female pelvis morphology represents an evolved compensation between two opposing needs: a broad pelvis enough to deliver a sizeable brained offspring while remaining narrow enough to allow for effective bipedal gait. The precise expectation of hip abductor force generation is critical in anthropological studies and experimental practice of human stride mechanics. Hip implants and surgical procedures for hip anatomy reconstruction are based on the static single-leg stance paradigm. The current work investigated the impact of sexual dimorphism on the ground reaction force (GRF) acting on the mediolateral direction during level walking, emphasizing the difference in hip abductor muscle biomechanics and its correlation to ground reaction force moment arm, R. The ground reaction force in the mediolateral direction, hip abduction and adduction moments during the gait cycle and ground reaction force moment arm, R were measured. The current study concludes that the male individuals exhibit significantly higher mass-specific mediolateral ground reaction force during level walking. In contrast, hip abductor moments/kg body weight, medialization of the trochanter, R, and hip coronal were more significant in female individuals. We conclude that increased abductor moment and medialization of the greater trochanter will increase R, hip coronal and decrease abductor moment arm, r, in female individuals, affecting the effective mechanical advantage (EMA) of hip abductors in single-limb stance during level walking.
骨盆要足够宽，以娩出大脑袋的后代，同时又要足够窄，以保证有效的双足步态。在人类学研究和人类步幅力学的实验实践中，准确预估髋外展肌产生的力量至关重要。髋关节植入物和髋关节解剖结构重建的外科手术都基于静态单腿站立模式。当前的研究调查了性别差异对平地行走时作用于内外侧方向的地面反作用力（GRF）的影响，重点关注髋外展肌生物力学的差异及其与地面反作用力力臂R的相关性。测量了步态周期中内外侧方向的地面反作用力、髋关节外展和内收力矩以及地面反作用力力臂R。当前研究得出结论，男性个体在平地行走时表现出显著更高的单位质量内外侧地面反作用力。相比之下，女性个体每千克体重的髋外展力矩、大转子内移、R以及髋关节冠状面更为显著。我们得出结论，在女性个体中，外展力矩增加和大转子内移会增加R、髋关节冠状面并减小外展肌力矩臂r，从而影响平地行走单腿站立时髋外展肌的有效机械优势（EMA）。
