Moran Jay, Cheng Ryan, Schneble Christopher A, Mathew Joshua I, Kahan Joseph B, Li Don, Gardner Elizabeth C
Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery-Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2022 May 5;10(5):23259671221088009. doi: 10.1177/23259671221088009. eCollection 2022 May.
Traumatic hip dislocations are rare injuries that most commonly occur in motor vehicle accidents. There is a paucity of literature that describes sports-related hip dislocations.
To estimate the incidence of sports-related hip dislocations and determine any sport- or sex-related epidemiological trends using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database.
Descriptive epidemiology study.
Data regarding sports-related hip dislocations from 2010 to 2019 were retrieved from the NEISS, a database that catalogs injury information during emergency department visits from 100 hospitals across the United States to produce nationwide estimates of the injury burden. The estimated number of injuries was calculated using weights assigned by the NEISS database. The injuries were then stratified by sport and sex to determine any epidemiological patterns.
A total of 102 hip dislocation injuries were identified over the surveyed 10 years, indicating 2941 estimated injuries nationwide. Overall, 10 (9.8%) of 102 sports-related hip dislocations presented with concomitant acetabular fractures, representing an estimated 288 injuries nationally over 10 years. Male athletes sustained more sports-related hip dislocations than female athletes, with a relative incidence of 12.51 ( < .001). Adolescents aged 15 to 19 years recorded the highest number of hip dislocations. There were 17 sports identified as having caused at least 1 hip dislocation over the 10-year period. More hip dislocation injuries were sustained from contact sports (91.2%) than noncontact sports (8.8%) ( < .001). Football (estimated 164 injuries per year; 55.6%), snowboarding (28 per year; 9.5%), skiing (26 per year; 8.8%), and basketball (21 per year; 7.1%) had the highest rates of hip dislocation. Additionally, 43 (82.7%) football-related injuries were caused by tackling mechanisms, and 9 (17.3%) were caused by nontackling mechanisms ( < .001).
The incidence of traumatic sports-related hip dislocations was extremely low in the United States during the study period. Male adolescents, aged 15 to 19 years, sustained the greatest number of injuries during football. Significantly more hip dislocations occurred in contact sports, most commonly football, snowboarding, skiing, and basketball, compared with noncontact sports. As adolescent athletes may have limited treatment options if osteonecrosis occurs, these data serve to increase the clinical awareness of these injuries.
创伤性髋关节脱位是一种罕见的损伤，最常见于机动车事故。关于与运动相关的髋关节脱位的文献较少。
利用国家电子伤害监测系统（NEISS）数据库估计与运动相关的髋关节脱位的发生率，并确定任何与运动或性别相关的流行病学趋势。
描述性流行病学研究。
从NEISS中检索2010年至2019年与运动相关的髋关节脱位的数据，该数据库记录了美国100家医院急诊科就诊期间的伤害信息，以得出全国范围内伤害负担的估计值。使用NEISS数据库分配的权重计算伤害估计数。然后按运动和性别对伤害进行分层，以确定任何流行病学模式。
在调查的10年中，共确定了102例髋关节脱位损伤，表明全国估计有2941例损伤。总体而言，102例与运动相关的髋关节脱位中有10例（9.8%）伴有髋臼骨折，估计10年内在全国有288例损伤。男性运动员比女性运动员遭受更多与运动相关的髋关节脱位，相对发生率为12.51（P<0.001）。15至19岁的青少年髋关节脱位数量最多。在10年期间，有17项运动被确定至少导致1例髋关节脱位。与非接触性运动（8.8%）相比，接触性运动（91.2%）导致的髋关节脱位损伤更多（P<0.001）。橄榄球（估计每年164例损伤；55.6%）、单板滑雪（每年28例；9.5%）、滑雪（每年26例；8.8%）和篮球（每年21例；7.1%）的髋关节脱位发生率最高。此外，43例（82.7%）与橄榄球相关的损伤是由擒抱机制引起的，9例（17.3%）是由非擒抱机制引起的（P<0.001）。
在研究期间，美国与运动相关的创伤性髋关节脱位的发生率极低。15至19岁的男性青少年在橄榄球运动中受伤最多。与非接触性运动相比，接触性运动中髋关节脱位明显更多，最常见的是橄榄球、单板滑雪、滑雪和篮球。由于青少年运动员如果发生骨坏死可能治疗选择有限，这些数据有助于提高对这些损伤的临床认识。
