Wang Bin, Liu Chang, Chen Yuwei, Dong Faqin, Chen Shu, Zhang Di, Zhu Jingping
School of Environment and Resource, Southwest University of Science and Technology Sichuan 621010 PR China
Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology Sichuan 621010 PR China.
RSC Adv. 2018 Nov 1;8(64):36927-36938. doi: 10.1039/c8ra06978f. eCollection 2018 Oct 26.
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) represents one of the most mobile and reactive organic compounds in an ecosystem and plays an important role in the fate and transport of soil organic pollutants, nutrient cycling and more importantly global climate change. Advances in environment geochemistry in the past two decades have improved our knowledge about the genesis, composition, and structure of DOM, and its effect on the environment. Application of analytical technology, for example UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy (3D-EEM) have resulted in these advances. At present, crop straw, as a part of energy development strategy, is mainly used for soil amendment, fodder, fertilizer and industrial materials. Moreover, the fermentation and decomposition of straw should be also promoted for ecological agriculture. However, few studies have focused on the structural properties of DOM derived from crop straw in farmland soil. In this article, DOM derived from crop straw, which is abbreviated to "CDOM", presents active physicochemical properties that can affect the migration and bioavailability of organic contaminants (OCs) in terrestrial ecosystems. The objectives of this review paper are: (i) to discuss the structural characteristics, analytical techniques and interactions between CDOM and OCs in farmland soil; (ii) to present a critical analysis of the impact of CDOM on the physicochemical transformation and transport of OCs in farmland soils; (iii) to provide the perspectives in future research. Therefore, the findings obtained from this study can be utilized to evaluate the relations of interactions between CDOM and OCs in agricultural soils, in order to support some suggestions for future development in agricultural waste recycling, buffering of organic pollution, and the effect on the global carbon cycle.
溶解有机物（DOM）是生态系统中最具流动性和反应活性的有机化合物之一，在土壤有机污染物的归宿和迁移、养分循环以及更重要的全球气候变化中发挥着重要作用。过去二十年环境地球化学的进展增进了我们对DOM的起源、组成、结构及其对环境影响的认识。分析技术的应用，如紫外可见光谱（UV-Vis）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、核磁共振（NMR）光谱和三维荧光光谱（3D-EEM）促成了这些进展。目前，作物秸秆作为能源发展战略的一部分，主要用于土壤改良、饲料、肥料和工业原料。此外，还应促进秸秆的发酵和分解以发展生态农业。然而，很少有研究关注农田土壤中源自作物秸秆的DOM的结构特性。在本文中，源自作物秸秆的DOM，简称为“CDOM”，呈现出能影响陆地生态系统中有机污染物（OCs）迁移和生物有效性的活跃物理化学性质。这篇综述文章的目的是：（i）讨论农田土壤中CDOM的结构特征、分析技术以及CDOM与OCs之间的相互作用；（ii）对CDOM对农田土壤中OCs物理化学转化和迁移的影响进行批判性分析；（iii）提供未来研究的展望。因此，本研究获得的结果可用于评估农业土壤中CDOM与OCs之间的相互作用关系，以便为农业废弃物循环利用、有机污染缓冲以及对全球碳循环的影响等未来发展提供一些建议。
