Feig S A
Crit Rev Diagn Imaging. 1987;27(1):1-16.
The use of imaging procedures for breast cancer staging and follow-up should be based on the natural history of the disease as well as the accuracy, cost, and availability of the studies themselves. Early detection of metastases may provide palliation but probably does not affect survival. For staging, chest X-ray and mammogram are both recommended on all patients; radionuclide bone scan is advised in the presence of either an elevated alkaline phosphatase, axillary metastases, or a primary tumor measuring more than 2 cm; abdominal CT should be performed if liver chemistries are abnormal; CT brain scan is the procedure of choice for neurological symptoms. Chest CT should be reserved for selected patients with an abnormal chest X-ray. Follow-up recommendations include annual chest X-rays and mammogram, bone scans every 5 years when a staging scan was indicated, and CT of the liver and/or brain in the presence of appropriate symptoms or laboratory values.
用于乳腺癌分期及随访的影像学检查方法应基于疾病的自然史以及检查本身的准确性、成本和可及性。早期发现转移灶可能会缓解症状，但可能不影响生存率。对于分期，建议对所有患者进行胸部X线检查和乳房X线摄影；如果碱性磷酸酶升高、存在腋窝转移或原发肿瘤直径超过2 cm，建议进行放射性核素骨扫描；如果肝功能检查异常，应进行腹部CT检查；对于有神经症状的患者，CT脑部扫描是首选检查。胸部CT应仅用于胸部X线检查异常的特定患者。随访建议包括每年进行胸部X线检查和乳房X线摄影，当需要进行分期扫描时每5年进行一次骨扫描，以及在出现适当症状或实验室检查结果时对肝脏和/或脑部进行CT检查。
