Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Gezina, Pretoria 0031, South Africa.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 22;23(9):4654. doi: 10.3390/ijms23094654.
Papaverine (PPV) is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from that exerts antiproliferative activity. However, several questions remain regarding the biochemical pathways affected by PPV in tumourigenic cells. In this study, the influence of PPV on cell migration (light microscopy), expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) B, VEGF R1, VEGF R2, and phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (pFAK) were investigated using spectrophotometry in MDA-MB-231-, A549- and DU145 cell lines. The migration assay revealed that, after 48 h, PPV (100 µM) reduced cell migration to 81%, 91%, and 71% in MDA-MB-231-, A549-, and DU145 cells, respectively. VEGF B expression was reduced to 0.79-, 0.71-, and 0.73-fold after 48 h of exposure to PPV in MDA-MB-231-, A549- and DU145 cells, while PPV exposure of 48 h increased VEGF R1 expression in MDA-MB-231- and DU145 cells to 1.38 and 1.46. A fold decrease in VEGF R1 expression was observed in A549 cells to 0.90 after exposure to 150 µM. No statistically significant effects were observed on VEGF R2- and FAK expression after exposure to PPV. This study contributes to the understanding of the effects of a phytomedicinal alkaloid compound in cancer cells and may provide novel approaches to the application of non-addictive alkaloids.
罂粟碱（PPV）是一种从 中分离出来的苄基异喹啉生物碱，具有抗增殖活性。然而，关于 PPV 在肿瘤细胞中影响的生化途径仍存在一些问题。在这项研究中，使用分光光度法研究了 PPV 对 MDA-MB-231、A549 和 DU145 细胞系中细胞迁移（相差显微镜）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）B、VEGF R1、VEGF R2 和磷酸化粘着斑激酶（pFAK）表达的影响。迁移实验表明，48 h 后，PPV（100 µM）使 MDA-MB-231、A549 和 DU145 细胞的迁移分别减少 81%、91%和 71%。48 h 暴露于 PPV 后，MDA-MB-231、A549 和 DU145 细胞中 VEGF B 的表达分别减少至 0.79、0.71 和 0.73 倍，而 48 h 暴露于 PPV 可使 MDA-MB-231 和 DU145 细胞中的 VEGF R1 表达增加至 1.38 和 1.46 倍。A549 细胞中 VEGF R1 表达下降至 0.90。暴露于 PPV 后，VEGF R2 和 FAK 的表达未见统计学显著影响。这项研究有助于了解植物药生物碱化合物在癌细胞中的作用，并可能为非成瘾性生物碱的应用提供新的方法。
