Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi 110016, India.
Population Health Research Institute, St. George's University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 1;19(9):5514. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095514.
Yoga-based interventions can be effective in preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We developed a Yoga programme for T2DM prevention (YOGA-DP) and conducted a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) among high-risk people in India. This qualitative study's objective was to identify and explore participants' trial- and intervention-related barriers and facilitators. The feasibility trial was conducted at two Yoga centres in New Delhi and Bengaluru, India. In this qualitative study, 25 trial participants (13 intervention group, 12 control group) were recruited for semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using deductive logic and an interpretative phenomenological approach. Amongst intervention and control participants, key barriers to trial participation were inadequate information about recruitment and randomisation processes and the negative influence of non-participants. Free blood tests to aid T2DM prevention, site staff's friendly behaviour and friends' positive influence facilitated trial participation. Amongst intervention participants, readability and understanding of the programme booklets, dislike of the Yoga diary, poor quality Yoga mats, difficulty in using the programme video, household commitment during home sessions, unplanned travel, difficulty in practising Yoga poses, hesitation in attending programme sessions with the YOGA-DP instructor of the opposite sex and mixed-sex group programme sessions were key barriers to intervention participation. Adequate information was provided on T2DM prevention and self-care, good venue and other support provided for programme sessions, YOGA-DP instructors' positive behaviour and improvements in physical and mental well-being facilitated intervention participation. In conclusion, we identified and explored participants' trial- and intervention-related barriers and facilitators. We identified an almost equal number of barriers ( = 12) and facilitators ( = 13); however, intervention-related barriers and facilitators were greater than for participating in the trial. These findings will inform the design of the planned definitive RCT design and intervention and can also be used to design other Yoga interventions and RCTs.
基于瑜伽的干预措施可以有效预防 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）。我们为预防 T2DM 开发了一个瑜伽方案（YOGA-DP），并在印度的高危人群中进行了一项可行性随机对照试验（RCT）。这项定性研究的目的是确定和探讨参与者与试验和干预相关的障碍和促进因素。这项可行性试验在印度新德里和班加罗尔的两个瑜伽中心进行。在这项定性研究中，招募了 25 名试验参与者（干预组 13 名，对照组 12 名）进行半结构式访谈。使用演绎逻辑和解释现象学方法进行数据分析。在干预组和对照组参与者中，参与试验的主要障碍是对招募和随机化过程的信息不足，以及非参与者的负面影响。免费的血液检查有助于预防 2 型糖尿病、场地工作人员的友好行为以及朋友的积极影响促进了试验参与。在干预组参与者中，方案手册的可读性和理解、对瑜伽日记的不喜欢、瑜伽垫质量差、使用方案视频困难、家庭在家庭会议期间的承诺、计划外旅行、难以练习瑜伽姿势、在与异性的 YOGA-DP 指导员一起参加课程和混合性别组课程时犹豫不决以及混合性别组课程是参与干预的主要障碍。提供了足够的关于 2 型糖尿病预防和自我保健的信息、良好的场地和其他方案课程支持、YOGA-DP 指导员的积极行为以及身心健康的改善促进了干预的参与。总之，我们确定并探讨了参与者与试验和干预相关的障碍和促进因素。我们确定了几乎相同数量的障碍（= 12）和促进因素（= 13）；然而，与参与试验相比，干预相关的障碍和促进因素更多。这些发现将为计划的确定性 RCT 设计和干预提供信息，并可用于设计其他瑜伽干预措施和 RCT。
