Islam Kazi Anisha, Chow Larry Ka-Yue, Kam Ngar Woon, Wang Ying, Chiang Chi Leung, Choi Horace Cheuk-Wai, Xia Yun-Fei, Lee Anne Wing-Mui, Ng Wai Tong, Dai Wei
Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Hong Kong, China.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Apr 24;14(9):2122. doi: 10.3390/cancers14092122.
This systematic review aims to identify prognostic molecular biomarkers which demonstrate strong evidence and a low risk of bias in predicting the survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. The literature was searched for on PubMed to identify original clinical studies and meta-analyses which reported associations between molecular biomarkers and survival, including ≥150 patients with a survival analysis, and the results were validated in at least one independent cohort, while meta-analyses must include ≥1000 patients with a survival analysis. Seventeen studies fulfilled these criteria-two studies on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), three studies on methylation biomarkers, two studies on microRNA biomarkers, one study on mutational signature, six studies on gene expression panels, and three meta-analyses on gene expressions. The comparison between the hazard ratios of high-risk and low-risk patients along with a multivariate analysis are used to indicate that these biomarkers have significant independent prognostic values for survival. The biomarkers also indicate a response to certain treatments and whether they could be used as therapeutic targets. This review highlights that patients' genetics, epigenetics, and signatures of cancer and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) play a vital role in determining their survival.
本系统评价旨在识别预后分子生物标志物，这些标志物在预测鼻咽癌（NPC）患者生存率方面有充分证据且偏倚风险低。在PubMed上检索文献，以识别报告分子生物标志物与生存率之间关联的原始临床研究和荟萃分析，其中包括≥150例患者的生存分析，且结果在至少一个独立队列中得到验证，而荟萃分析必须包括≥1000例患者的生存分析。17项研究符合这些标准——两项关于单核苷酸多态性（SNP）的研究、三项关于甲基化生物标志物的研究、两项关于微小RNA生物标志物的研究、一项关于突变特征的研究、六项关于基因表达谱的研究，以及三项关于基因表达的荟萃分析。通过比较高危和低危患者的风险比以及多变量分析来表明这些生物标志物对生存具有显著的独立预后价值。这些生物标志物还表明对某些治疗的反应以及它们是否可作为治疗靶点。本综述强调，患者的遗传学、表观遗传学以及肿瘤微环境（TME）中癌症和免疫细胞的特征在决定其生存方面起着至关重要的作用。
