Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Unit of Behavioral Neurology and Center for Cognitive Disorders and Dementia, IRCCS C. Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Nutrients. 2022 Apr 29;14(9):1872. doi: 10.3390/nu14091872.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amino acid (AA) levels and CSF/plasma AA ratios in Alzheimer Disease (AD) in relation to nutritional state are not known. Methods: In 30 fasting patients with AD (46% males, 74.4 ± 8.2 years; 3.4 ± 3.2 years from diagnosis) and nine control (CTRL) matched subjects, CSF and venous blood samples were drawn for AA measurements. Patients were stratified according to nutritional state (Mini Nutritional Assessment, MNA, scores). Results: Total CSF/plasma AA ratios were lower in the AD subpopulations than in NON-AD (p < 0.003 to 0.017. In combined malnourished (16.7%; MNA < 17) and at risk for malnutrition (36.6%, MNA 17−24) groups (CG), compared to CTRL, all essential amino acids (EAAs) and 30% of non-EAAs were lower (p < 0.018 to 0.0001), whereas in normo-nourished ADs (46.7%, MNA > 24) the CSF levels of 10% of EAAs and 25% of NON-EAAs were decreased (p < 0.05 to 0.00021). CG compared to normo-nourished ADs, had lower CSF aspartic acid, glutamic acid and Branched-Chain AA levels (all, p < 0.05 to 0.003). CSF/plasma AA ratios were <1 in NON-AD but even lower in the AD population. Conclusions: Compared to CTRL, ADs had decreased CSF AA Levels and CSF/plasma AA ratios, the degree of which depended on nutritional state.
脑脊髓液（CSF）氨基酸（AA）水平和 CSF/血浆 AA 比值在阿尔茨海默病（AD）与营养状态的关系尚不清楚。方法：在 30 名禁食的 AD 患者（男性占 46%，74.4±8.2 岁；从诊断到现在的时间为 3.4±3.2 年）和 9 名对照（CTRL）匹配的受试者中，抽取 CSF 和静脉血样进行 AA 测量。根据营养状态（微型营养评估，MNA，评分）对患者进行分层。结果：AD 亚组的总 CSF/血浆 AA 比值低于 NON-AD 亚组（p<0.003 至 0.017。在合并营养不良（16.7%；MNA<17）和有营养不良风险（36.6%，MNA 17-24）的组（CG）中，与 CTRL 相比，所有必需氨基酸（EAA）和 30%的非 EAA 均较低（p<0.018 至 0.0001），而在营养正常的 AD 中（46.7%，MNA>24），10%的 EAA 和 25%的非 EAA 的 CSF 水平降低（p<0.05 至 0.00021）。CG 与营养正常的 AD 相比，CSF 天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸和支链氨基酸水平较低（均，p<0.05 至 0.003）。NON-AD 的 CSF/血浆 AA 比值<1，但 AD 人群中的比值甚至更低。结论：与 CTRL 相比，AD 患者的 CSF AA 水平和 CSF/血浆 AA 比值降低，其程度取决于营养状态。
