Sancho-Saldaña Agustín, Gil Sánchez Anna, Quirant-Sánchez Bibiana, Nogueras Lara, Peralta Silvia, Solana Maria José, González-Mingot Cristina, Gallego Yhovanni, Quibus Laura, Ramo-Tello Cristina, Presas-Rodríguez Silvia, Martínez-Cáceres Eva, Torres Pascual, Hervás José Vicente, Valls Joan, Brieva Luis
Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Arnau de Vilanova, IRB Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
Neuroimmunology Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Lleida, 25001 Lleida, Spain.
J Clin Med. 2022 Apr 29;11(9):2509. doi: 10.3390/jcm11092509.
Background: Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) alter the immune system and therefore increase the risk of infection. There is growing concern about the impact of COVID-19 on patients with MS (pwMS), especially those treated with DMTs. Methods: This is a single-center prospective observational study based on data from the Esclerosis Múltiple y COVID-19 (EMCOVID-19) study. Demographic characteristics, MS history, laboratory data and SARS-CoV-2 serology, and symptoms of COVID-19 in pwMS treated with any DTM were extracted. The relationship among demographics, MS status, DMT, and COVID-19 was evaluated. Results: A total of 259 pwMS were included. The administration of interferon was significantly associated with the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (26.4% vs. 10.7%, p = 0.006). Although patients taking interferon were significantly older (49.1 vs. 43.5, p = 0.003), the association of interferon with the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was still significant in the multivariate analysis (OR 2.99 (1.38; 6.36), p = 0.006). Conclusions: According to our data, pwMS present a higher risk of COVID-19 infection compared with results obtained from the general population. There is no evidence of a worse COVID-19 outcome in pwMS. DMTs did not significantly change the frequency of COVID-19, except for interferon; however, these findings must be interpreted with caution given the small sample of pwMS taking each DMT.
用于治疗多发性硬化症（MS）的疾病修正疗法（DMTs）会改变免疫系统，因此会增加感染风险。人们越来越关注2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）对MS患者（pwMS）的影响，尤其是那些接受DMTs治疗的患者。方法：这是一项基于多发性硬化症与COVID-19（EMCOVID-19）研究数据的单中心前瞻性观察性研究。提取了接受任何DTM治疗的pwMS的人口统计学特征、MS病史、实验室数据和SARS-CoV-2血清学以及COVID-19症状。评估了人口统计学、MS状态、DMT和COVID-19之间的关系。结果：共纳入259例pwMS。使用干扰素与SARS-CoV-2抗体的存在显著相关（26.4%对10.7%，p = 0.006）。尽管使用干扰素的患者年龄显著更大（49.1对43.5，p = 0.003），但在多变量分析中，干扰素与SARS-CoV-2抗体存在的关联仍然显著（OR 2.99（1.38；6.36），p = 0.006）。结论：根据我们的数据，与普通人群的结果相比，pwMS感染COVID-19的风险更高。没有证据表明pwMS的COVID-19结局更差。除干扰素外，DMTs并未显著改变COVID-19的发生率；然而，鉴于服用每种DMT的pwMS样本量较小，这些发现必须谨慎解读。
