Traven Katja, Wisniewski Wolfgang, Češnovar Mark, Ducman Vilma
Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute (ZAG), Dimičeva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
International Postgraduate School Jožef Stefan, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Apr 23;14(9):1729. doi: 10.3390/polym14091729.
Alkali-activated composites of lightweight aggregates (LWAs, with beneficial insulating properties) and alkali-activated foams (AAFs, higher added value products due to their production from waste materials at well below 100 °C) allow for the expectation of superior properties if a chemical bonding reaction or mechanical interlocking occurs during production. However, the interfaces between LWAs and an AAF have not been studied in detail so far. Chemical reactions are possible if the LWA contains an amorphous phase which can react with the alkaline activators of the AAF, increase the bonding, and thus, also their mechanical strengths. These, in turn, allow for an improvement of the thermal insulation properties as they enable a further density reduction by incorporating low density aggregates. This work features a first-detailed analyses of the interfaces between the LWAs' expanded polystyrene, perlite, expanded clay and expanded glass, and the alkali-activated foam matrices produced using industrial slags and fly ash. Some are additionally reinforced by fibers. The goal of these materials is to replace cement by alkali-activated waste as it significantly lowers the environmental impact of the produced building components.
轻质骨料（LWAs，具有有益的隔热性能）与碱激发泡沫（AAFs，由于其在远低于100°C的温度下由废料生产而成，是附加值更高的产品）的碱激发复合材料，如果在生产过程中发生化学键合反应或机械联锁，则有望具有优异的性能。然而，到目前为止，LWAs与AAFs之间的界面尚未得到详细研究。如果LWAs含有能与AAFs的碱性激发剂发生反应的非晶相，增加粘结力，进而提高它们的机械强度，那么化学反应就是可能的。反过来，这又有助于改善隔热性能，因为通过加入低密度骨料可以进一步降低密度。这项工作首次对LWAs的膨胀聚苯乙烯、珍珠岩、膨胀粘土和膨胀玻璃与使用工业矿渣和粉煤灰生产的碱激发泡沫基体之间的界面进行了详细分析。有些还通过纤维进行了增强。这些材料的目标是用碱激发废料替代水泥，因为这能显著降低所生产建筑构件对环境的影响。
