Zheljazkov Valtcho D, Cantrell Charles L, Jeliazkova Ekaterina A, Astatkie Tess, Schlegel Vicki
Crop and Soil Science Department, Oregon State University, 3050 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
Natural Products Utilization Research, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
Plants (Basel). 2022 May 1;11(9):1228. doi: 10.3390/plants11091228.
Sagebrush ( spp.) are dominant wild plants in large areas of the U.S., Canada and Mexico, and they include several species and subspecies. The aim was to determine if there are significant differences in essential oil (EO) yield, composition, and biological activity of sagebrush within the Bighorn Mountains, U.S. The EO yield in fresh herbage varied from 0.15 to 1.69% for all species, including 0.25-1.69% in var. , 0.64-1.44% in var. , 1% in var. , 0.8-1.2% in , 0.8-1% in , and 0.16% in . There was significant variability in the EO profile between species, and subspecies. Some EO constituents, such as α-pinene (0-35.5%), camphene (0-21.5%), eucalyptol (0-30.8%), and camphor (0-45.5%), were found in most species and varied with species and subspecies. The antioxidant capacity of the EOs varied between the species and subspecies. None of the sagebrush EOs had significant antimicrobial, antimalarial, antileishmanial activity, or contained podophyllotoxin. Some accessions yielded EO with significant concentrations of compounds including camphor, eucalyptol, cis-thujone, α-pinene, α-necrodol-acetate, fragranol, grandisol, para-cymene, and arthole. Therefore, chemotypes can be selected and possibly introduced into culture and be grown for commercial production of these compounds to meet specific industry needs.
蒿属植物（spp.）是美国、加拿大和墨西哥大片地区的优势野生植物，包括几个物种和亚种。目的是确定美国大角山地区蒿属植物的精油（EO）产量、成分和生物活性是否存在显著差异。所有物种新鲜草本植物中的EO产量在0.15%至1.69%之间，包括var.中的0.25 - 1.69%、var.中的0.64 - 1.44%、var.中的1%、中的0.8 - 1.2%、中的0.8 - 1%以及中的0.16%。物种和亚种之间的EO谱存在显著差异。一些EO成分，如α-蒎烯（0 - 35.5%）、莰烯（0 - 21.5%）、桉叶油素（0 - 30.8%）和樟脑（0 - 45.5%），在大多数物种中都有发现，且因物种和亚种而异。EO的抗氧化能力因物种和亚种而异。没有一种蒿属植物的EO具有显著的抗菌、抗疟疾、抗利什曼原虫活性，也不含鬼臼毒素。一些种质产生的EO含有大量的化合物，包括樟脑、桉叶油素、顺式侧柏酮、α-蒎烯、α-乙酰基坏死醇、香豆醇、大根香叶烯、对伞花烃和arthole。因此，可以选择化学型并可能引入栽培，进行种植以商业生产这些化合物，满足特定行业需求。
