Characterization of Triterpene Saponin Glycyrrhizin Transport by .

Glycyrrhizin (GL), a triterpene compound produced by species, is a crucial pharmacologically active component of crude drugs. In contrast to the biosynthesis of GL in plants, little is known about GL transport and accumulation in plants. The transport mechanism of GL was characterized using cultured cells of . Cultured cells of efficiently incorporated exogenously supplied GL. Proton pump inhibitors, such as probenecid and niflumic acid, as well as a protonophore (carbonylcyanide -chlorophenylhydrazone), markedly inhibited GL uptake by cultured cells, whereas vanadate exhibited a moderate inhibition. Furthermore, GL transport by tonoplast vesicles is dependent not on a H-electrochemical gradient but MgATP and is markedly inhibited by vanadate. These results suggest that GL uptake by cultured cells is mediated by a H-symporter in the plasma membrane and an ATP-binding cassette transporter, which has high specificity for the aglycone structure of GL on the tonoplast.