Klonne D R, Ulrich C E, Weissmann J, Morgan A K
Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1987 Jan;8(1):101-6. doi: 10.1016/0272-0590(87)90105-9.
The 4-hr inhalation LC50 was determined for methyl-, ethyl-, n-propyl-, n-butyl-, isobutyl-, and isopentyl nitrite in Sprague-Dawley rats. LC50 values were 176, 160, 300, 420, 777, and 716 ppm, respectively. The dose-mortality curves were characterized by extremely steep slopes. Toxic signs observed during exposure included cyanosis, prostration, and rarely, convulsions. There were no effects of exposure on body weight gain during a 14-day postexposure observation period. Signs of pulmonary hemorrhage were apparent in rats which died during exposure but were much less prominent in rats sacrificed at study termination. No animals died after cessation of exposure, and rapid recovery was apparent after exposure. Concentration X Time (CT) relationships suggested that the actual concentration was more important than the "dose" in determining the lethal effects of inhalation exposure to nitrites. Because of the extremely steep dose-mortality curves, the aliphatic nitrites are more hazardous than the LC50 values would indicate.
在斯普拉格-道利大鼠中测定了亚硝酸甲酯、亚硝酸乙酯、亚硝酸正丙酯、亚硝酸正丁酯、亚硝酸异丁酯和亚硝酸异戊酯的4小时吸入半数致死浓度（LC50）。LC50值分别为176、160、300、420、777和716 ppm。剂量-死亡率曲线的特点是斜率极陡。暴露期间观察到的毒性体征包括发绀、虚脱，很少出现惊厥。在暴露后14天的观察期内，暴露对体重增加没有影响。暴露期间死亡的大鼠出现明显的肺出血迹象，但在研究结束时处死的大鼠中，肺出血迹象则不那么明显。暴露停止后没有动物死亡，暴露后明显迅速恢复。浓度×时间（CT）关系表明，在确定吸入亚硝酸盐暴露的致死效应时，实际浓度比“剂量”更重要。由于剂量-死亡率曲线极陡，脂肪族亚硝酸盐比LC50值所显示的更具危险性。
