Sax Institute, Glebe, NSW, 2037, Australia.
Sydney School of Dentistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
BMC Oral Health. 2022 May 14;22(1):182. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02212-3.
Oral diseases are highly prevalent globally and are largely preventable. Individual and group-based education strategies have been dominant in oral health promotion efforts. Population-wide mass media campaigns have a potentially valuable role in improving oral health behaviours and related determinants. This review synthesises evidence from evaluations of these campaigns.
A systematic search of major databases was undertaken to identify peer-reviewed articles reporting the evaluation of mass reach (non-interpersonal) communication strategies to address common forms of oral disease (i.e., dental caries, periodontitis, gingivitis). Studies using all types of quantitative design, published in English between 1970 and 2020 were included. Data concerning campaign objectives, content, evaluation methods and findings were extracted.
Eighteen studies were included from the 499 identified through searching, reporting the findings of 11 campaign evaluations. Two of these used controlled quasi-experimental designs, with the remainder using pre- and post-test (N = 5) or post-test only designs (N = 4). Message recall, as a measure of exposure, was reported in eight campaigns with short-term (≤ 8 weeks) recall ranging from 30 to 97%. Eight studies examined impacts upon oral health knowledge, with four of the five measuring this at baseline and follow-up reporting improvements. From the eight studies measuring oral health behaviours or use of preventative services, six that compared baseline and follow-up reported improvements (N = 2 in children, N = 4 in adults).
There are relatively few studies reporting the evaluation of mass media campaigns to promote oral health at the population level. Further, there is limited application of best-practice methods in campaign development, implementation and evaluation in this field. The available findings indicate promise in terms of achieving campaign recall and short-term improvements in oral health knowledge and behaviours.
口腔疾病在全球范围内普遍存在，且在很大程度上可以预防。个体和群体为基础的教育策略一直是口腔健康促进工作的主流。在改善口腔健康行为和相关决定因素方面，面向大众的大众媒体宣传活动具有潜在的重要作用。本综述综合了这些宣传活动评估的证据。
对主要数据库进行了系统搜索，以确定评估大规模传播（非人际）策略以解决常见口腔疾病（即龋齿、牙周炎、牙龈炎）的同行评审文章。纳入了所有类型的定量设计的研究，发表于 1970 年至 2020 年期间的英文文章。提取了关于宣传活动目标、内容、评估方法和发现的数据。
从 499 篇文献中搜索到了 18 篇研究，报道了 11 项宣传活动评估的结果。其中两项研究使用了对照准实验设计，其余研究使用了前测-后测（N=5）或仅后测设计（N=4）。八项宣传活动报告了信息召回作为暴露的衡量标准，短期（≤8 周）召回率从 30%到 97%不等。八项研究检验了口腔健康知识的影响，其中四项在基线和随访时测量了这一指标，报告称有所改善。在八项测量口腔健康行为或使用预防服务的研究中，有六项比较了基线和随访，报告称有所改善（儿童两项，成人四项）。
在以人群为基础促进口腔健康的大众媒体宣传活动评估方面，研究相对较少。此外，在该领域的宣传活动开发、实施和评估中，最佳实践方法的应用有限。现有研究结果表明，在宣传活动的记忆和短期口腔健康知识和行为改善方面具有一定的潜力。
