School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Ann Behav Med. 2022 Nov 5;56(11):1144-1156. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaac017.
Recent studies have found bi-directional relations between stress and sleep. However, few studies have examined the daily associations between stress and electroencephalography (EEG) measured sleep.
This study examined the temporal associations between repeated ecological momentary assessments of stress and EEG-estimated sleep.
Ninety-eight international or interstate undergraduate students (Mage = 20.54 ± 1.64, 76.5% female, 84.7% Asian) reported their stress levels four times daily at morning awakening, afternoon, evening, and pre-bedtime across 15 consecutive days (>4,000 total observations). Next-day stress was coded as an average of morning, afternoon, and evening stress. Z-Machine Insight+ recorded over 1,000 nights EEG total sleep time (TST), sleep onset latency, wake after sleep onset, sleep efficiency (SE), slow-wave sleep (SWS), and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep duration. Multilevel models, adjusted for covariates (i.e., sociodemographic, health factors, and daily covariates) and lagged outcomes, tested the daily within- and between-level stress-sleep associations.
After adjusting for covariates, within-person shorter TST (b = -0.11 [-0.21, -0.01], p = .04), lower SE (b = -0.02 [-0.03, 0.00], p = .04), less SWS (b = -0.38 [-0.66, -0.10], p = .008), and less REM sleep (b = -0.32 [-0.53, -0.10], p = .004) predicted higher next-day stress. Pre-bedtime stress did not predict same-night sleep. No significant results emerged at the between-person level.
These findings demonstrate that poor or short sleep, measured by EEG, is predictive of higher next-day stress. Results for sleep architecture support the role of SWS and REM sleep in regulating the perception of stress. Given that only within-person effects were significant, these findings highlight the importance of examining night-to-night fluctuations in sleep affecting next-day stress and its impact on daytime functioning.
最近的研究发现压力和睡眠之间存在双向关系。然而，很少有研究检查过压力的日常变化与脑电图（EEG）测量的睡眠之间的关联。
本研究检查了重复的生态瞬时评估压力与 EEG 估计睡眠之间的时间关联。
98 名国际或州际大学生（平均年龄 20.54 ± 1.64 岁，76.5%女性，84.7%亚洲人）在 15 天内每天四次在早晨醒来、下午、晚上和睡前报告他们的压力水平（共超过 4000 次观测）。次日的压力被编码为早晨、下午和晚上压力的平均值。Z-Machine Insight+记录了超过 1000 个夜晚的总睡眠时间（TST）、睡眠潜伏期、睡眠后觉醒、睡眠效率（SE）、慢波睡眠（SWS）和快速眼动（REM）睡眠时间。多层次模型，调整了协变量（即社会人口统计学、健康因素和日常协变量）和滞后结果，测试了每日个体内和个体间的压力-睡眠关联。
在调整了协变量后，个体内较短的 TST（b = -0.11 [-0.21，-0.01]，p =.04）、较低的 SE（b = -0.02 [-0.03，0.00]，p =.04）、较少的 SWS（b = -0.38 [-0.66，-0.10]，p =.008）和较少的 REM 睡眠（b = -0.32 [-0.53，-0.10]，p =.004）预测次日更高的压力。睡前压力不能预测当晚的睡眠。在个体间水平上没有出现显著结果。
这些发现表明，脑电图测量的较差或较短的睡眠与次日更高的压力有关。睡眠结构的结果支持 SWS 和 REM 睡眠在调节压力感知中的作用。由于只有个体内的影响是显著的，这些发现强调了检查影响次日压力及其对日间功能影响的夜间睡眠波动的重要性。
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