Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Smart-Aging Research Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Neuroscience. 2022 Jul 1;494:38-50. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.05.007. Epub 2022 May 13.
Although temperament has been regarded as an innate aspect of human personality, its association with proteins involved in embryonic development is unclear. Reelin, encoded by RELN, plays an important role in brain development. Herein, we investigated the association between the RELN rs7341475 (G/A) single nucleotide polymorphism, detected as a female-specific risk factor for schizophrenia, brain structure, and temperament to elucidate the role of RELN in the development of human personality. In this study, 1580 healthy young Japanese adults were genotyped for RELN rs7341475 and completed the Temperament and Character Inventory. Whole-brain analysis of covariance was conducted to investigate differences between genotypes in regional gray matter volume (rGMV) and cortical morphology. Additionally, multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the association of four temperaments with rGMV. Those statistical analyses were performed separately for males and females. Individuals with G/G homozygosity showed significantly greater rGMV in several areas of the brain, particularly the bilateral cingulate and temporal gyrus, as well as a larger value of fractal dimension in the left lateral occipital cortex. Furthermore, of the four temperaments, the novelty seeking was significantly and positively associated with rGMV in the right superior temporal gyrus, partially overlapping with areas where differences between the rs7341475 genotypes were detected. The above findings were detected only in females, but not in males. This is the first study to demonstrate the contribution of RELN rs7341475 to differences in brain structure in Japanese females, which may indicate vulnerability to schizophrenia and variations in human personality.
虽然气质一直被认为是人类个性的先天方面，但它与参与胚胎发育的蛋白质的关联尚不清楚。 Reelin，由 RELN 编码，在大脑发育中发挥重要作用。在此，我们研究了 RELN rs7341475（G/A）单核苷酸多态性与脑结构和气质之间的关联，以阐明 RELN 在人类个性发展中的作用。在这项研究中，对 1580 名健康的日本年轻成年人进行了 RELN rs7341475 的基因分型，并完成了气质和性格特征调查。对全脑协方差分析进行了分析，以研究基因型之间区域灰质体积（rGMV）和皮质形态的差异。此外，还进行了多元回归分析，以检查四种气质与 rGMV 的关联。这些统计分析分别针对男性和女性进行。 G/G 纯合子个体的大脑多个区域的 rGMV 显著增加，特别是双侧扣带回和颞叶，以及左侧外侧枕叶皮质的分形维数值较大。此外，在四种气质中，寻求新奇感与右侧颞上回的 rGMV 呈显著正相关，与 rs7341475 基因型差异检测到的区域部分重叠。上述发现仅在女性中检测到，而在男性中未检测到。这是第一项表明 RELN rs7341475 对日本女性大脑结构差异有贡献的研究，这可能表明对精神分裂症的易感性和人类个性的变化。
