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Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India.
Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Řež u Prahy, Czech Republic.
Phys Rev Lett. 2022 Apr 29;128(17):172005. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.172005.
The polarization of the Λ and Λ[over ¯] hyperons along the beam (z) direction, P_{z}, has been measured in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV recorded with ALICE at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The main contribution to P_{z} comes from elliptic flow-induced vorticity and can be characterized by the second Fourier sine coefficient P_{z,s2}=⟨P_{z}sin(2φ-2Ψ_{2})⟩, where φ is the hyperon azimuthal emission angle and Ψ_{2} is the elliptic flow plane angle. We report the measurement of P_{z,s2} for different collision centralities and in the 30%-50% centrality interval as a function of the hyperon transverse momentum and rapidity. The P_{z,s2} is positive similarly as measured by the STAR Collaboration in Au-Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV, with somewhat smaller amplitude in the semicentral collisions. This is the first experimental evidence of a nonzero hyperon P_{z} in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC. The comparison of the measured P_{z,s2} with the hydrodynamic model calculations shows sensitivity to the competing contributions from thermal and the recently found shear-induced vorticity, as well as to whether the polarization is acquired at the quark-gluon plasma or the hadronic phase.
利用大型强子对撞机（LHC）上的ALICE探测器，在质心能量(\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 5.02) TeV的铅-铅碰撞中，测量了(\Lambda)和(\bar{\Lambda})超子沿束流（z）方向的极化度(P_{z})。(P_{z})的主要贡献来自椭圆流诱导的涡度，可用二阶傅里叶正弦系数(P_{z,s2}=\langle P_{z}\sin(2\varphi - 2\Psi_{2})\rangle)来表征，其中(\varphi)是超子方位角发射角，(\Psi_{2})是椭圆流平面角。我们报告了不同碰撞中心度下以及在30%-50%中心度区间内，(P_{z,s2})作为超子横向动量和快度的函数的测量结果。与STAR合作组在质心能量(\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200) GeV的金-金碰撞中测量的结果类似，(P_{z,s2})为正，在半中心碰撞中的幅度略小一些。这是LHC上铅-铅碰撞中超子(P_{z})非零的首个实验证据。将测量的(P_{z,s2})与流体动力学模型计算结果进行比较，显示出对热涡度和最近发现的剪切诱导涡度的竞争贡献以及极化是在夸克-胶子等离子体阶段还是强子阶段获得的敏感性。
