School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Oct;29(46):69705-69716. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-20515-4. Epub 2022 May 16.
The construction of artificial reservoirs with various regulation types on river is currently an important form of comprehensive utilization of water energy and water resources in river basins. The type of regulation is important in controlling the residence time, which in turn affects the photosynthesis-respiration balance in the water. This process has a significant impact on carbon dioxide (CO) emissions from reservoirs. In this study, seasonal observations were carried out from September 2020 to July 2021 at five artificial reservoirs in the Qiantang River Basin, eastern China, to reveal the characteristics of CO emission from the water-air interface of reservoirs with different regulating types. The results showed that the annual average CO emission flux of the studied reservoirs varied significantly, ranging from 4.2 to 155.3 mmol m day with an average of 48.4 mmol m day, which also had a significant negative correlation with the hydraulic retention time. While downstream of the dam, the annual average CO emission flux was quite high with a range of 105.8 to 543.0 mmol m day, averaging 381.6 mmol m day. This is mainly due to the release of water with high-concentration CO from the bottom of the reservoir. Additionally, using related data of reservoirs around the world, a CO emission model with hydraulic retention time, air temperature, and reservoir age as the primary parameters was developed, which was conducive to evaluate reservoir CO emissions on a larger scale and provided theoretical support for effective reservoir management.
建造具有各种调节类型的人工水库，是目前流域内综合利用水能和水资源的重要形式。调节类型对于控制停留时间非常重要，而停留时间反过来又会影响水中的光合作用-呼吸平衡。这个过程对水库的二氧化碳（CO）排放有重大影响。本研究于 2020 年 9 月至 2021 年 7 月，在中国东部钱塘江河域的 5 座人工水库中进行了季节性观测，以揭示不同调节类型水库水-气界面 CO 排放的特征。结果表明，所研究水库的年平均 CO 排放通量差异显著，范围为 4.2 至 155.3 mmol m-2 day-1，平均值为 48.4 mmol m-2 day-1，与水力停留时间呈显著负相关。而在大坝下游，年平均 CO 排放通量相当高，范围为 105.8 至 543.0 mmol m-2 day-1，平均值为 381.6 mmol m-2 day-1。这主要是由于从水库底部释放出高浓度 CO 的水。此外，利用世界各地水库的相关数据，建立了一个以水力停留时间、空气温度和水库年龄为主要参数的 CO 排放模型，这有利于在更大范围内评估水库 CO 排放，并为有效的水库管理提供理论支持。
