Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia.
Discipline of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia.
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2022 Oct;18(10):3714-3723. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2022.05.006. Epub 2022 May 10.
The medication expertise of pharmacists is widely acknowledged and there is ongoing interest in their potential role to reduce medication-related harm amongst residents living in residential aged care facilities (RACFs). An increased understanding of how these interventions are evaluated could support adoption of these interventions in the real world.
To systematically explore the application of evaluation approaches, evaluation tools and aspects of implementation (implementation factors i.e. barriers and facilitators, and assessing implementation fidelity) used in pharmacist intervention in RACF peer-reviewed literature.
A search strategy was applied to MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases for publications between 1 January 2000 and 27 August 2020 based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Articles that reported on evaluated pharmacist interventions impacting residents in RACFs or which outlined study participant perspectives in relation to these interventions were included.
2003 published articles were identified, out of which 56 articles met the inclusion criteria. Fifty-three articles reported on outcome evaluations. Four articles used evaluation guidance with 1 article explicitly guided by an evaluation framework. Relationships, trust and respect between pharmacists and RACF health care team members were one of the most reported factors influencing intervention success. None of the 56 articles used a theory or model, assessed implementation fidelity or employed a logic model.
To date there appears to be sparse utilisation of available evaluation approaches, evaluation tools and implementation aspects in pharmacist intervention in RACF peer-reviewed literature. By embracing these evaluation approaches, evaluation tools and aspects of implementation, pharmacy practice researchers have an opportunity to contribute to evaluation research in RACFs and beyond.
药剂师的专业知识得到广泛认可，人们对他们在减少居住在养老院居民的药物相关伤害方面的潜在作用持续感兴趣。深入了解这些干预措施是如何进行评估的，可以支持在现实世界中采用这些干预措施。
系统探索评估方法、评估工具和实施方面（实施因素，即障碍和促进因素，以及评估实施保真度）在养老院药师干预研究中的应用。
根据定义的纳入和排除标准，在 MEDLINE、CINAHL、Cochrane 图书馆和 Web of Science 数据库中，应用搜索策略对 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2020 年 8 月 27 日发表的文献进行检索。纳入报告评估药师干预对养老院居民影响的文献，或概述研究参与者对这些干预措施看法的文献。
确定了 2003 篇已发表的文章，其中 56 篇符合纳入标准。53 篇文章报告了结果评估。4 篇文章使用了评估指南，其中 1 篇明确遵循了评估框架。药剂师与养老院医疗保健团队成员之间的关系、信任和尊重是影响干预成功的最常报告因素之一。56 篇文章中没有一篇使用了理论或模型，评估实施保真度或采用逻辑模型。
迄今为止，在养老院药师干预的研究中，似乎很少使用现有的评估方法、评估工具和实施方面。通过采用这些评估方法、评估工具和实施方面，药学实践研究人员有机会为养老院和其他领域的评估研究做出贡献。
