The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Metrocare Services, Dallas, TX, USA.
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2022 Feb;34(1):89-96. doi: 10.1080/09540261.2021.2018996. Epub 2021 Dec 22.
Previous research on suicide risk in relation to disasters has yielded varying findings, likely resulting at least in part from inconsistencies in definitions of disaster exposure and assessment of psychiatric disorders. This study examined suicidal thoughts and behaviour in a sample of 379 adults affected by the 9/11 attacks on New York City, using carefully-defined disaster exposure variables and assessing psychopathology with full diagnostic criteria, nearly 3 years after the disaster. Only 7% of the sample reported any postdisaster suicidal thoughts or behaviour, only 1% of which were new (incident) after the disaster, amounting to very little evidence of incident suicidal risk. The occurrence of a postdisaster psychiatric disorder in nearly one-half of the sample (45%) was significantly associated with postdisaster suicide risk (15% vs 1%). Disaster trauma exposure was not associated with postdisaster suicide risk. The findings of this study are not consistent with the disaster experience itself giving rise to suicide risk. Nonetheless, the postdisaster setting provides opportunities for education about and surveillance for suicide risk and other mental health concerns.
先前有关灾难与自杀风险的研究得出了不同的结果，这可能至少部分是由于对灾难暴露的定义和精神障碍评估的不一致造成的。本研究使用精心定义的灾难暴露变量，根据完全诊断标准，在灾难发生近 3 年后，对纽约市 9/11 袭击事件中受影响的 379 名成年人样本进行了自杀意念和行为的研究。只有 7%的样本报告了任何灾后自杀意念或行为，其中只有 1%是在灾难后出现的新（偶发）情况，这表明偶发自杀风险的证据非常少。近一半（45%）的样本发生了灾后精神障碍，这与灾后自杀风险（15%比 1%）显著相关。灾难创伤暴露与灾后自杀风险无关。本研究结果与灾难经历本身引发自杀风险的观点不一致。尽管如此，灾后环境为进行自杀风险和其他心理健康问题的教育和监测提供了机会。
