早产儿和小于胎龄儿的院内转归：一项队列研究。
In-hospital outcomes in preterm and small-for-gestational-age newborns: a cohort study.
机构信息
Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
出版信息
Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2022 May 16;20:eAO6781. doi: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2022AO6781. eCollection 2022.
OBJECTIVE
To compare in-hospital outcomes between small-for-gestational-age and appropriate-for-gestational-age preterm neonates who needed intensive care.
METHODS
A retrospective cohort study with preterm newborns, from January to December 2017. The results are presented as median, frequency, and odds ratio. Numerical variables were compared using the Wilcoxon test. Categorical variables were compared using the χ2 test. We considered p<0.05 as significant.
RESULTS
Out of 129 preterm newborns included, 20.9% were small-for-gestational-age. Median gestational age was 31 2/7 weeks, birthweight was 1,450g, and length of hospital stay was 39 days. Preterm small-for-gestational-age newborns presented a higher chance of peri-intraventricular hemorrhage (odds ratio of 3.23; p=0.02), retinopathy of prematurity (odds ratio of 2.78 p=0.02), patent ductus arteriosus (odds ratio of 2.50; p=0.04) and a lower chance of presumptive early-onset sepsis (odds ratio of 0.37; p=0.03).
CONCLUSION
Preterm small-for-gestational-age neonates were associated with peri-intraventricular hemorrhage, retinopathy of prematurity and patent ductus arteriosus. This emphasizes the need of special care for these neonates.
目的
比较需要重症监护的小于胎龄儿和适于胎龄儿早产儿的住院结局。
方法
这是一项回顾性队列研究，纳入了 2017 年 1 月至 12 月期间的早产儿。结果以中位数、频率和比值比呈现。数值变量采用 Wilcoxon 检验进行比较，分类变量采用 χ2 检验进行比较。p<0.05 为差异有统计学意义。
结果
在纳入的 129 例早产儿中，20.9%为小于胎龄儿。中位胎龄为 31 周 2 天，出生体重为 1450g，住院时间为 39 天。小于胎龄儿早产儿更容易发生脑室周围-脑室内出血（比值比为 3.23；p=0.02）、早产儿视网膜病变（比值比为 2.78；p=0.02）、动脉导管未闭（比值比为 2.50；p=0.04），而早发型疑似败血症的可能性较低（比值比为 0.37；p=0.03）。
结论
小于胎龄儿早产儿与脑室周围-脑室内出血、早产儿视网膜病变和动脉导管未闭相关，这强调了对这些新生儿进行特殊护理的必要性。
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