Hau Lídia, Tényi Tamás, László Natália, Kovács Márton Áron, Erdö-Bonyár Szabina, Csizmadia Zsuzsanna, Berki Tímea, Simon Diána, Csábi Györgyi
Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Centre, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 May 2;13:850955. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.850955. eCollection 2022.
Patients suffering from encephalitis may present psychiatric symptoms; however, the clinical relevance of anti-neuronal antibodies in patients experiencing a psychotic episode without encephalitis is still unclear. In this study, we examined the presence of anti-neuronal cell surface autoantibodies and onconeural autoantibodies in serum samples of 22 synthetic cannabinoid users presenting with psychosis. We found only two positive cases; however, seven patients had borderline results. Nonetheless, we found no significant correlation between anti-neuronal autoantibodies and the intensity of psychosis indicated by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores. The length of drug use and the combination of other drugs with synthetic cannabinoids have no significant effect on anti-neuronal autoantibody positivity. Nonetheless, the ratio of anti-citrate synthase (anti-CS) IgM and IgG natural autoantibodies was significantly lower ( = 0.036) in the anti-neuronal autoantibody-positive/borderline samples, than in the negative group. Interestingly, anti-CS IgM/IgG showed a significant negative correlation with PANSS-positive score ( = 0.04, = -0.464). Our results demonstrated that anti-neuronal autoantibody positivity occurs in synthetic cannabinoid users, and the alteration of anti-CS IgM/IgG natural autoantibody levels points to immunological dysfunctions in these cases.
患有脑炎的患者可能会出现精神症状；然而，在无脑炎的精神病发作患者中抗神经元抗体的临床相关性仍不明确。在本研究中，我们检测了22名出现精神病症状的合成大麻素使用者血清样本中抗神经元细胞表面自身抗体和肿瘤神经抗原自身抗体的存在情况。我们仅发现两例阳性病例；然而，有7名患者的结果处于临界值。尽管如此，我们发现抗神经元自身抗体与阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）评分所表明的精神病严重程度之间无显著相关性。药物使用时长以及其他药物与合成大麻素的联用对抗神经元自身抗体阳性率无显著影响。尽管如此，抗神经元自身抗体阳性/临界值样本中抗柠檬酸合酶（抗-CS）IgM和IgG天然自身抗体的比例显著低于阴性组（P = 0.036）。有趣的是，抗-CS IgM/IgG与PANSS阳性评分呈显著负相关（P = 0.04，r = -0.464）。我们的结果表明，合成大麻素使用者中会出现抗神经元自身抗体阳性，抗-CS IgM/IgG天然自身抗体水平的改变表明这些病例存在免疫功能障碍。
