Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 511458, China; Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Sep 10;838(Pt 1):155964. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155964. Epub 2022 May 16.
Mangroves are highly dynamic ecosystems that offer important services such as maintaining biodiversity, filtering pollutants, and providing habitats for fishes. We investigated the uptake and accumulation of nutrients and potentially toxic elements in mangrove plants and fish to better understand the role of mangrove restoration in maintaining mangrove biota quality. In mangrove plants, the average bioconcentration factors of nutrients and potentially toxic elements were in the order P > Pb > Mn > Mg > Se > Zn > Hg > Cu > Cd > As > Co > Cr > Ni > Fe > V > Sb, where only P (all plant species) and Pb (Sonneratia apetala Buchanan-Hamilton) had a BCF > 1.0 in mangrove plants. In general, Sonneratia spp. had better performances than Kandelia candel (Linn.) Druce, Aegiceras corniculatum (Linn.) Blanco and Acanthus ilicifolius L. Sp. in terms of nutrient uptake and toxic metal(loid)s accumulation, and the best uptake capacity was found in S. apetala. Fast growth and easy adaptation make S. apetala suitable for a restored mangrove ecosystem, but continual management is needed to prevent its suppression of mangrove species diversity. The concentration of As, Cd, Hg, Cu, Cr and Pb in the mangrove sediment were 30-220% higher than the Chinese National Standard of Marine Sediment Quality Class I limits, suggesting that the sediments were unsuitable for aquaculture and nature reserves. Although a higher toxic metal(loid)s concentration in the sediment was found, the target hazard quotient (THQ) of this toxic metal(loid)s in 5 mangrove habitat fishes was <1.0, except THQ of Pb in Boleophthalmus pectinirostris Linnaeus was 1.17, and THQ of Cr in Bostrychus sinensis Lacépède was 1.12. The low THQ (less than 1.0) of mangrove habitat fishes suggested that the restored mangrove system could alleviate the bioaccumulation of toxic metal(loid)s in mangrove fish.
红树林是高度动态的生态系统，提供了维持生物多样性、过滤污染物和为鱼类提供栖息地等重要服务。我们研究了红树林植物和鱼类对营养物质和潜在有毒元素的吸收和积累，以更好地了解红树林恢复在维持红树林生物区系质量方面的作用。在红树林植物中，营养物质和潜在有毒元素的平均生物浓缩因子（BCF）顺序为 P > Pb > Mn > Mg > Se > Zn > Hg > Cu > Cd > As > Co > Cr > Ni > Fe > V > Sb，其中只有 P（所有植物物种）和 Pb（海桑 Sonneratia apetala Buchanan-Hamilton）在红树林植物中的 BCF > 1.0。一般来说，海桑属（Sonneratia）的表现优于白骨壤（Kandelia candel）、桐花树（Aegiceras corniculatum）和老鼠簕（Acanthus ilicifolius），在吸收营养物质和积累有毒金属（类）方面表现更好，而吸收能力最强的是海桑（S. apetala）。快速生长和易于适应使海桑适合恢复的红树林生态系统，但需要持续管理以防止其抑制红树林物种多样性。红树林沉积物中 As、Cd、Hg、Cu、Cr 和 Pb 的浓度比中国海洋沉积物质量标准 I 类限值高出 30-220%，表明沉积物不适合水产养殖和自然保护区。尽管沉积物中有毒金属（类）的浓度较高，但 5 种红树林生境鱼类的目标危害系数（THQ）<1.0，除了平鳍鳅科鱼类（Boleophthalmus pectinirostris Linnaeus）的 Pb 为 1.17，鳄蜥科鱼类（Bostrychus sinensis Lacépède）的 Cr 为 1.12。红树林生境鱼类的低 THQ（小于 1.0）表明，恢复后的红树林系统可以减轻红树林鱼类对有毒金属（类）的生物积累。
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