Health Promotion Research Center, Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
National Association for Chronic Disease Directors, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Inquiry. 2022 Jan-Dec;59:469580221092822. doi: 10.1177/00469580221092822.
Chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes are the leading causes of death and disability in the U. S. Because the central mission of state and local health departments (HDs) is to protect, promote, and improve population health, these agencies are well-positioned to address risk behaviors for chronic disease. HD-employer partnerships could enhance worksite wellness programming, but few studies have explored this topic. Building upon previously published findings, the purpose of this qualitative study was to describe the context and environment for HDs' delivery of worksite wellness programs, including interest, barriers, facilitators, and decision-making processes. We conducted 12 interviews with directors of state chronic disease programs, 21 interviews with local directors, and three focus groups with local staff. We performed a thematic analysis of the data. Key themes include the following: (1) worksite wellness programs delivered by HDs were diverse in topic and scope and delivered both internally (at the HD for their agency) and externally (for other employers); (2) decisions made about chronic disease prevention were largely driven by funding priorities, with federal, state, and local entities playing roles in the decision-making process; and (3) HDs expressed potential interest in worksite wellness program delivery, dependent upon staff capacity, available funding, and employer buy-in. Our results suggest that funding should be increased for and reallocated towards chronic disease prevention, including worksite wellness. To overcome HD barriers to program delivery, key funders and stakeholders should prioritize and communicate the importance of worksite wellness.
心脏病、癌症和糖尿病等慢性病是美国死亡和残疾的主要原因。由于州和地方卫生部门的核心使命是保护、促进和改善人口健康,这些机构非常适合解决慢性病的风险行为。州卫生部门与雇主的伙伴关系可以加强工作场所健康计划,但很少有研究探讨这一主题。本研究基于之前发表的研究结果,旨在描述州卫生部门提供工作场所健康计划的背景和环境,包括兴趣、障碍、促进因素和决策过程。我们对州慢性病项目主任进行了 12 次访谈,对地方主任进行了 21 次访谈,并对地方工作人员进行了 3 次焦点小组讨论。我们对数据进行了主题分析。主要主题包括:(1)州卫生部门提供的工作场所健康计划在主题和范围上各不相同,既在内部(为本机构的卫生部门提供),也在外部(为其他雇主提供)提供;(2)慢性病预防决策主要由资金优先事项驱动,联邦、州和地方各级在决策过程中都发挥了作用;(3)州卫生部门表示有兴趣提供工作场所健康计划,但取决于员工能力、可用资金和雇主的认可。我们的结果表明,应该增加和重新分配资金用于慢性病预防,包括工作场所健康。为了克服州卫生部门提供计划的障碍,主要的资助者和利益相关者应该优先考虑并传达工作场所健康的重要性。