影响华东地区全科住院医师职业意向的负面因素：一项定性研究。
The negative factors influencing the career intention of general practice trainees in eastern China: a qualitative study.
机构信息
Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China.
NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China.
出版信息
BMC Med Educ. 2022 May 21;22(1):393. doi: 10.1186/s12909-022-03456-x.
BACKGROUND
There is an acute shortage of general practitioners (GPs) in China, and GP trainees seem to be less willing to develop their career as a GP. This study aimed to investigate negative factors influencing the career intention of GPs in eastern China from the perspective of trainees taking standardized residency training, as to identify the barriers of GP trainees becoming registered GPs, and to provide a policy-making basis for GP recruitment and retention.
METHODS
A qualitative description design by the purposive sample was carried out in two training bases of Jinan and Qingdao in eastern China. Face-to-face, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted, audiotaped, and transcribed using thematic analysis.
RESULTS
Twenty-one trainees participated in this study. Thematic analysis generated five major themes: (1) low social recognition, (2) low professional identity, (3) low remuneration level, (4) imperfect training system, and (5) influence of policy factors.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results identified various negative factors influencing the career intentions of trainees. In order to overcome the hurdles and increase the attractiveness of GP, it is recommended that the government and the public should create a supportive environment, which can be beneficial to the construction and development of GP.
背景
中国全科医生（GP）严重短缺，而接受规范化培训的 GP 培训生似乎不太愿意从事 GP 职业。本研究旨在从参加规范化住院医师培训的培训生角度出发，调查影响东部地区 GP 职业意向的负面因素，以明确 GP 培训生成为注册 GP 的障碍，并为 GP 招聘和留用提供决策依据。
方法
采用目的抽样，在中国东部的济南和青岛两个培训基地进行定性描述设计。采用面对面、深入、半结构化访谈，使用主题分析进行录音和转录。
结果
本研究共有 21 名培训生参加。主题分析产生了五个主要主题：（1）社会认可度低，（2）职业认同感低，（3）薪酬水平低，（4）培训体系不完善，（5）政策因素的影响。
结论
我们的研究结果确定了影响培训生职业意向的各种负面因素。为了克服障碍，提高 GP 的吸引力，建议政府和公众营造一个支持性的环境，这有利于 GP 的建设和发展。
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