Mousavi Shabnam, Sunder Shyam
Center for the History of Emotions, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
School of Management, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
Front Psychol. 2022 May 6;13:814844. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.814844. eCollection 2022.
Exploratory ventures outside the established disciplinary boundaries can yield added insights and explanatory power. Imposing cognitive limitations on human logical reasoning ability (bounded rationality) is a well-known case in point. Extending cognition to parts of body outside the brain, and to environment outside the body is another. In contrast, the present article takes a constructive approach, also in an exploratory spirit. For the sake of exposition, we consider three tiered realms of scientific inquiry: physical or inanimate, biological or animate, and socio-psychological or sentient. In this three-tier framework, we explore the extent of gains in modeling human action within the confines of physical principles such as optimization. In this exercise, concepts of complexity and emergence account for the absence of analytically derivable mapping from micro or finer grain phenomena to macro or coarser grain phenomena. A general notion of embodiment captures the inclusion of a more expansive range of explanatory factors in modeling and understanding a given phenomenon. Emergence and embodiment play complementary roles in exploration of human behavior.
在既定学科边界之外进行探索性尝试能够带来更多的见解和解释力。对人类逻辑推理能力施加认知限制（有限理性）就是一个众所周知的例子。将认知扩展到大脑之外的身体部位以及身体之外的环境是另一个例子。相比之下，本文同样本着探索精神采用了一种建设性的方法。为便于阐述，我们考虑科学探究的三个层次领域：物理或无生命领域、生物或有生命领域、社会心理或有感知领域。在这个三层框架中，我们探讨在诸如优化等物理原理的范围内对人类行为进行建模时所获得的收益程度。在这个过程中，复杂性和涌现性的概念解释了为何不存在从微观或更细粒度现象到宏观或更粗粒度现象的可解析推导映射。具体化的一般概念体现了在建模和理解给定现象时纳入更广泛的解释因素。在对人类行为的探索中，涌现性和具体化发挥着互补作用。
