新冠疫苗加强针可实现对养老院居民的奥密克戎特异性中和。

COVID-19 vaccine booster dose needed to achieve Omicron-specific neutralisation in nursing home residents.

机构信息

Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Cleveland VA.

Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH.

出版信息

EBioMedicine. 2022 Jun;80:104066. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104066. Epub 2022 May 20.

DOI:10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104066

PMID:35605428

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9122310/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Nursing home (NH) residents have borne a disproportionate share of SARS-CoV-2 morbidity and mortality. Vaccines have limited hospitalisation and death from earlier variants in this vulnerable population. With the rise of Omicron and future variants, it is vital to sustain and broaden vaccine-induced protection. We examined the effect of boosting with BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine on humoral immunity and Omicron-specific neutralising activity among NH residents and healthcare workers (HCWs).

METHODS

We longitudinally enrolled 85 NH residents (median age 77) and 48 HCWs (median age 51), and sampled them after the initial vaccination series; and just before and 2 weeks after booster vaccination. Anti-spike, anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) and neutralisation titres to the original Wuhan strain and neutralisation to the Omicron strain were obtained.

FINDINGS

Booster vaccination significantly increased vaccine-specific anti-spike, anti-RBD, and neutralisation levels above the pre-booster levels in NH residents and HCWs, both in those with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Omicron-specific neutralisation activity was low after the initial 2 dose series with only 28% of NH residents' and 28% HCWs' titres above the assay's lower limit of detection. Omicron neutralising activity following the booster lifted 86% of NH residents and 93% of HCWs to the detectable range.

INTERPRETATION

With boosting, the vast majority of HCWs and NH residents developed detectable Omicron-specific neutralising activity. These data provide immunologic evidence that strongly supports booster vaccination to broaden neutralising activity and counter waning immunity in the hope it will better protect this vulnerable, high-risk population against the Omicron variant.

FUNDING

NIH AI129709-03S1, U01 CA260539-01, CDC 200-2016-91773, and VA BX005507-01.

摘要

背景

养老院（NH）居民在 SARS-CoV-2 的发病率和死亡率方面承担了不成比例的份额。疫苗已将这一脆弱人群的住院率和死亡率降低。随着奥密克戎和未来变体的出现，维持和扩大疫苗诱导的保护至关重要。我们研究了 BNT162b2 mRNA 疫苗加强免疫对 NH 居民和医护人员（HCWs）的体液免疫和奥密克戎特异性中和活性的影响。

方法

我们对 85 名 NH 居民（中位年龄 77 岁）和 48 名 HCWs（中位年龄 51 岁）进行了纵向研究，并在初始疫苗接种系列后对他们进行了采样；并在加强免疫接种前和接种后 2 周进行采样。获得了针对原始武汉株的抗刺突、抗受体结合域（RBD）和中和效价，以及针对奥密克戎株的中和效价。

结果

加强免疫显著提高了 NH 居民和 HCWs 的疫苗特异性抗刺突、抗 RBD 和中和水平，无论他们是否有过 SARS-CoV-2 感染。奥密克戎特异性中和活性在初始 2 剂系列后较低，只有 28%的 NH 居民和 28%的 HCWs 的效价高于检测的下限。加强免疫后，86%的 NH 居民和 93%的 HCWs 的奥密克戎中和活性提高到可检测范围。