From the Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA.
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Epidemiology. 2022 Sep 1;33(5):747-755. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000001505. Epub 2022 May 20.
Neighborhoods may play an important role in shaping long-term weight trajectory and obesity risk. Studying the impact of moving to another neighborhood may be the most efficient way to determine the impact of the built environment on health. We explored whether residential moves were associated with changes in body weight.
Kaiser Permanente Washington electronic health records were used to identify 21,502 members aged 18-64 who moved within King County, WA between 2005 and 2017. We linked body weight measures to environment measures, including population, residential, and street intersection densities (800 m and 1,600 m Euclidian buffers) and access to supermarkets and fast foods (1,600 m and 5,000 m network distances). We used linear mixed models to estimate associations between postmove changes in environment and changes in body weight.
In general, moving from high-density to moderate- or low-density neighborhoods was associated with greater weight gain postmove. For example, those moving from high to low residential density neighborhoods (within 1,600 m) gained an average of 4.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.0, 5.9) lbs 3 years after moving, whereas those moving from low to high-density neighborhoods gained an average of 1.3 (95% CI = -0.2, 2.9) lbs. Also, those moving from neighborhoods without fast-food access (within 1600m) to other neighborhoods without fast-food access gained less weight (average 1.6 lbs [95% CI = 0.9, 2.4]) than those moving from and to neighborhoods with fast-food access (average 2.8 lbs [95% CI = 2.5, 3.2]).
Moving to higher-density neighborhoods may be associated with reductions in adult weight gain.
社区可能在塑造长期体重轨迹和肥胖风险方面发挥重要作用。研究搬到另一个社区的影响可能是确定建筑环境对健康影响的最有效方法。我们探讨了居住迁移是否与体重变化有关。
利用 Kaiser Permanente Washington 电子健康记录，确定了 2005 年至 2017 年间在华盛顿州金县内搬家的 21,502 名年龄在 18-64 岁的会员。我们将体重测量值与环境测量值相关联，包括人口、居住和街道交叉口密度（800 米和 1,600 米欧几里得缓冲区）以及超市和快餐店的可达性（1,600 米和 5,000 米网络距离）。我们使用线性混合模型来估计搬家后环境变化与体重变化之间的关联。
一般来说，从高密度社区搬到中密度或低密度社区与搬家后体重增加有关。例如，那些从高到低居住密度社区（在 1,600 米内）搬家的人在搬家后 3 年内平均增重 4.5 磅（95%置信区间[CI] = 3.0，5.9），而那些从低到高居住密度社区搬家的人平均增重 1.3 磅（95% CI = -0.2，2.9）。此外，那些从没有快餐店（在 1600 米内）的社区搬到其他没有快餐店的社区的人体重增加较少（平均 1.6 磅[95% CI = 0.9，2.4]），而那些从有和没有快餐店的社区搬到其他有和没有快餐店的社区的人体重增加较多（平均 2.8 磅[95% CI = 2.5，3.2]）。
搬到人口密度较高的社区可能与成年人体重增加减少有关。
