Ultrasensitive and Single-Base Resolution Quantification of 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine in DNA by Extension and Ligation-Based qPCR.

Oxidative DNA damage is tightly linked to the development of multiple age-related diseases. The prominent oxidation product is 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (OG), which has been proved to be an important epigenetic-like biomarker. Quantification of the locus-specific OG frequency includes quantitative and locating information, which is of great significance for exploring the functional roles of OG in disease induction and gene regulation. Herein, an ultrasensitive quantification of OG at single-base resolution was established using real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction as an amplification tool. Based on the coding property of DNA polymerase that incorporates adenine on the opposite site of OG and the selectivity of the ligase for perfectly matched sequences, the difference between OG and G on the sequence could be enlarged. Well-performed DNA ligase was selected out, and as low as 46.2 zmol of target DNA with an OG site and an OG frequency of 5% could be detected. G contents on a specific site were also detectable based on the similar principle, thus the OG frequency of this locus could be accurately determined by a standard addition method. This strategy was successfully applied to the evaluation of locus-specific OG in both model DNA and genomic DNA from human cervical carcinoma cell lines under multiple oxidative stress, showing the potential for functional research and dynamic monitoring of critical OG sites.