Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Prishtina "Hasan Prishtina," Pristina, Kosovo, Albania.
Womens Health (Lond). 2022 Jan-Dec;18:17455057221097823. doi: 10.1177/17455057221097823.
Although investigations of changing gender roles have been performed globally, most studies have been conducted in high-income countries, and studies from emerging and developing countries are lacking. This study aims to examine the factor structure of the feminine gender role stress scale among women (FGRS) and explore its relationship with psychological distress (PD).
A cross-sectional study was carried out with 656 women from Kosovo using a convenience sampling technique during October 2017 and March 2018. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 and Mplus 7.3. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and path analysis were used to understand the goodness-of-fit of the FGRS scale in the Kosovo context and explore the relationship between the FGRS scale and PD when treated as latent variables. Multivariance analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to understand the differences between groups of women based on employment and FGRS. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the prediction of different domains of FGRS for PD separately for each category while controlling for age.
After demonstrating that the five-factor model of the FGRS showed a good fit to the data in this sample of Kosovo women, analyses revealed that the FGRS domains (fear of victimization and behaving with assertiveness) were positively associated with psychological distress.
The findings validate the usefulness of the FGRS scale in a sample of Kosovar women. The intersectionality perspective was used to interpret the importance of multiple layers of vulnerabilities and their coexistence, including education, socioeconomic status, and their implications for health inequalities.
尽管全球范围内都在进行关于性别角色变化的研究，但大多数研究都是在高收入国家进行的，而来自新兴和发展中国家的研究则相对较少。本研究旨在检验女性女性性别角色应激量表（FGRS）的因子结构，并探讨其与心理困扰（PD）的关系。
本研究采用便利抽样法，于 2017 年 10 月至 2018 年 3 月期间在科索沃对 656 名女性进行了一项横断面研究。通过面对面访谈收集数据，并使用 SPSS 21 版和 Mplus 7.3 进行分析。采用验证性因子分析（CFA）和路径分析来了解 FGRS 量表在科索沃背景下的拟合优度，并探讨将 FGRS 量表视为潜在变量时与 PD 之间的关系。采用多变量方差分析（ANOVA）来理解不同就业状况和 FGRS 组别的女性之间的差异。采用多项逻辑回归来评估 FGRS 不同领域对 PD 的预测作用，同时针对每个类别控制年龄。
在证明 FGRS 的五因素模型在科索沃女性样本中具有良好的拟合度后，分析结果表明，FGRS 各维度（对受害的恐惧和表现出果断性）与心理困扰呈正相关。
本研究结果验证了 FGRS 量表在科索沃女性样本中的有效性。本研究采用交叉性视角来解释多重脆弱性及其共存的重要性，包括教育、社会经济地位以及它们对健康不平等的影响。
