International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Nepal; Nepal Engineering College (NEC), Pokhara University, Nepal; Center of Research for Environment, Energy and Water (CREEW), Nepal.
Department of Civil Engineering, Pulchowk Campus, Institute of Engineering, Tribhuvan University, Nepal; International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Nepal.
Environ Res. 2022 Sep;212(Pt D):113434. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113434. Epub 2022 May 23.
An understanding of water sufficiency provides a basis for informed-planning, development and management of water resources. This study assessed spatio-temporal distribution in water sufficiency in the Extended East Rapti watershed in Nepal. The "Palika" (local government unit) is considered as a spatial-scale and seasons and future periods as temporal-scale. The water sufficiency was evaluated based on water sufficiency ratio (WSR) and water stress index (WSI). A hydrological model was developed to simulate water availability. An ensemble of multiple Regional Climate Models was used for assessing climate change impacts. Results showed water sufficiency by mid-century is projected to decrease; WSR by 40% and WSI by 61%. Despite projected decrease in water sufficiency, annually available water resources are projected as sufficient for the demands until the mid-century, however, seasonal variability and scarcity in future is projected in most Palikas. Such results are useful for water security planning in the Palikas.
对水资源充足度的理解为水资源的规划、开发和管理提供了依据。本研究评估了尼泊尔东拉普蒂流域扩展区水资源充足度的时空分布情况。“Palika”（地方政府单位）被视为空间尺度，季节和未来时期被视为时间尺度。基于水资源充足度比（WSR）和水压力指数（WSI）来评估水资源充足度。开发了一个水文模型来模拟水资源的可用性。使用一组多个区域气候模型来评估气候变化的影响。结果表明，到本世纪中叶，预计水资源充足度将下降；WSR 下降 40%，WSI 下降 61%。尽管预计水资源充足度会下降，但直到本世纪中叶，预计每年的可用水资源仍足以满足需求，但未来大部分 Palikas 的季节性变化和水资源短缺情况预计将增加。这些结果可用于 Palika 的水安全规划。
