Offiah Gozie, Cable Stuart, Rees Charlotte E, Schofield Susie J
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
Centre for Medical Education, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 May 10;9:884452. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.884452. eCollection 2022.
Diverse transitions are elemental to medical career trajectories. The effective navigation of such transitions influences a sense of belonging and wellbeing, positive relationships, and good engagement and attainment within new contexts. Using Multiple and Multidimensional Transitions (MMT) theory as an analytical lens, this paper aims to answer the research question: "What gendered transitions do female surgeons experience, and how do these gendered transitions impact them?"
We conducted a qualitative study drawing on narrative inquiry, with face-to-face and online semi-structured interviews with 29 female surgeons across nine surgical specialities in Ireland and Scotland. This paper is part of a larger study including male surgeons, other colleagues and patients of female surgeons. The female surgeons in this paper were purposively sampled using maximum variation sampling across several levels (consultants, trainees and middle-grade doctors), as well as six who had transitioned out of surgery. Framework analysis was employed to interrogate the interview data.
Five overarching types of transitions were identified across surgical education but only three of these transitions-work, culture and health-were primarily experienced by female surgeons (not male surgeons so were considered gendered), thereby impacting social, academic, and psychological domains. The remaining two types of transition-education and geography-were seemingly experienced equally by female and male surgeons, so are beyond the scope of this paper focused on female surgeons' gendered experiences.
This novel qualitative study drawing on MMT theory illustrates how multiple gendered transitions interact and impact female surgeons across the surgical education continuum. Aligned with MMT theory, family members and others are also purportedly affected by female surgeons' transitions. Healthcare educators, leaders and policymakers need to better understand gendered transitions and their impacts to improve support for female surgical trainees on their educational journeys.
多样化的转变是医学职业轨迹的基本要素。有效地应对这些转变会影响归属感和幸福感、积极的人际关系，以及在新环境中的良好参与度和成就。本文以多重和多维转变（MMT）理论为分析视角，旨在回答研究问题：“女外科医生经历了哪些性别化转变，这些性别化转变如何影响她们？”
我们进行了一项基于叙事探究的定性研究，对爱尔兰和苏格兰九个外科专业的29名女外科医生进行了面对面和在线半结构化访谈。本文是一项更大规模研究的一部分，该研究还包括男外科医生、其他同事以及女外科医生的患者。本文中的女外科医生是通过在多个层面（顾问医生、实习医生和中级医生）采用最大差异抽样法有目的地选取的，另外还有六名已转行不再从事外科工作的医生。采用框架分析法对访谈数据进行分析。
在外科教育过程中确定了五种总体类型的转变，但其中只有三种转变——工作、文化和健康——主要是女外科医生（而非男外科医生）所经历的（因此被视为性别化转变），从而影响社会、学术和心理领域。其余两种类型的转变——教育和地理位置——女外科医生和男外科医生似乎都同样经历过，因此不在本文关注女外科医生性别化经历的范围内。
这项借鉴MMT理论的新颖定性研究表明，多种性别化转变如何在整个外科教育连续过程中相互作用并影响女外科医生。与MMT理论一致的是，家庭成员和其他人据称也会受到女外科医生转变的影响。医疗保健教育工作者、领导者和政策制定者需要更好地理解性别化转变及其影响，以改善对女外科实习医生教育历程的支持。
