Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Colombia.
Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Colombia.
Acta Trop. 2022 Sep;233:106540. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106540. Epub 2022 May 25.
Currently, there are three recognized species of haemoproteids infecting Anseriformes: Haemoproteus nettionis, H. macrovacuolatus, and H. greineri. Unfortunately, genetic information associated with a morphotype is available only for H. macrovacuolatus. We recently found a parasite morphologically compatible with Haemoproteus gabaldoni, a species Bennet (1993) described in a Cairina moschata (Muscovy duck) from Venezuela. This species was synonymized to H. nettionis by Valkiūnas (2005), arguing not enough morphological differentiation between them; it was said that H. greineri could be as well a synonym of H. nettionis. In this study, we aimed to provide evidence to determine if Haemoproteus gabaldoni is a different species of H. nettionis and help to clarify other species status. We first performed morphological and morphometrical analyses and compared this information against the parahapantotypes of H. greineri, H. gabaldoni and material diagnosed as H. nettionis provided by the International Reference center for Avian Haematozoa (IRCAH), and H. macrovacuolatus from the Host-Parasite Relationship Study Group (GERPH, in Spanish Grupo de Estudio Relación Parásito Hospedero) biological collection. We used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of dimensionless standard morphometrical variables from gametocytes. Furthermore, we amplified a small fragment of cytochrome b (cyt b) to compare the sequence with information in GenBank and Malavi through phylogenetic analyses and haplotype networks. PCA analyses revealed the presence of three distinct groups in the samples studied, supported in the morphological traits of each parasite species analyzed; phylogenetic analyses grouped parasite lineages separately according to the host and continent of provenance. Such results indicate that, H. gabaldoni, is a different species from H. nettionis. One more time, it is demonstrated the importance of linking barcode surveys to morphological studies. Finally, it is highlighted the importance of biological collections as repositories of worldwide biodiversity.
目前，感染雁形目鸟类的血孢子虫有 3 个公认的种：Nettionis 血孢子虫、H. macrovacuolatus 和 H. greineri。不幸的是，与形态型相关的遗传信息仅可用于 H. macrovacuolatus。我们最近发现了一种寄生虫形态与 Haemoproteus gabaldoni 相匹配，Bennet（1993 年）在委内瑞拉的一只 Cairina moschata（Muscovy duck）中描述了这种寄生虫。Valkiūnas（2005 年）将其与 Nettionis 血孢子虫同义化，认为它们之间没有足够的形态分化；据说 H. greineri 也可能是 Nettionis 血孢子虫的同义词。在这项研究中，我们旨在提供证据来确定 Haemoproteus gabaldoni 是否是 Nettionis 血孢子虫的不同种，并帮助澄清其他种的地位。我们首先进行了形态学和形态计量学分析，并将这些信息与 H. greineri、H. gabaldoni 的副血原虫和国际禽类血孢子虫参考中心（IRCAH）提供的 H. nettionis 以及从宿主寄生虫关系研究组（GERPH，在西班牙语中为 Grupo de Estudio Relación Parásito Hospedero）生物收藏中诊断的材料进行了比较。我们使用了主成分分析（PCA）对配子体的无量纲标准形态计量变量进行分析。此外，我们扩增了一小段细胞色素 b（cyt b）片段，通过系统发育分析和单倍型网络比较与 GenBank 和 Malavi 中的信息进行比较。PCA 分析显示，在所研究的样本中存在三个不同的组，这得到了所分析的每种寄生虫形态特征的支持；系统发育分析根据宿主和起源大陆将寄生虫谱系分别分组。这些结果表明，H. gabaldoni 是一种与 Nettionis 血孢子虫不同的种。再次证明了将条形码调查与形态学研究联系起来的重要性。最后，强调了生物收藏作为全球生物多样性储存库的重要性。
