Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, 44280 Malatya, Turkey; Department of Public Health, Inonu University, Faculty of Medicine, 44280 Malatya, Turkey.
Department of Surgery, An-Najah National University Hospital, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Transpl Immunol. 2022 Aug;73:101634. doi: 10.1016/j.trim.2022.101634. Epub 2022 May 25.
This survey study aimed to evaluate medical students' attitudes, knowledge, and awareness toward organ donation.
For this questionnaire-based cross-sectional study, 1000 medical students were interviewed, out of which 950 students agreed to participate in the study and were enrolled. A questionnaire form consisting of 29 questions was used to determine the students' socio-demographic characteristics and rate their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about organ donation.
While 95.5% (n = 907) of the students stated that they had not donated organs, 41.1% stated that they had not yet decided to donate organs, and 59.7% stated that they had no specific reason for them not donating organs. Out of the participants, 68.1% stated that organ donation complies with the Islamic rules; 40.7% stated that the Directorate of Religious Affairs issued a fatwa on organ donation, and 39.4% stated that there are legal regulations on organ donation in the country. While 22.1% of the students stated that a person with brain death could come back to life, 19.7% stated that they did not know about this issue. The students who had donated organs and who did not show significant differences regarding the answers given to the questions about whether organ donation complies with religious rules (p < 0.001), where one must apply to donate organs (p = 0.032), the will to donate the organs of a relative with brain death (p = 0.004), and whether preaching in mosques and foundations is needed to increase organ donation rates (p = 0.042). Although there was a correlation between the students' grade and their attitude and knowledge about organ donation, this correlation was weak and showed no parallelism with increasing grades.
This study indicates that medical students have inadequate knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about organ donation. In our opinion, it is of paramount importance to provide physician candidates, who should set an example for society, with periodic training on organ donation throughout their academic life in shaping the national organ donation policy in the future.
本调查研究旨在评估医学生对器官捐献的态度、知识和认知。
本横断面问卷调查研究共对 1000 名医学生进行了访谈，其中 950 名学生同意参与研究并被纳入研究。采用一份包含 29 个问题的问卷表，以确定学生的社会人口统计学特征，并评估他们对器官捐献的知识、态度和行为。
虽然 95.5%（n=907）的学生表示他们没有捐献器官，但 41.1%的学生表示尚未决定捐献器官，59.7%的学生表示他们没有不捐献器官的具体原因。在参与者中，68.1%的学生表示器官捐献符合伊斯兰教规；40.7%的学生表示宗教事务局发布了器官捐献的法特瓦，39.4%的学生表示国家有器官捐献的法律规定。虽然 22.1%的学生表示脑死亡的人可以复活，但 19.7%的学生表示他们不知道这个问题。已经捐献过器官的学生和对器官捐献是否符合宗教规则、必须申请捐献器官、脑死亡亲属的器官捐献意愿以及是否需要在清真寺和基金会进行宣传以提高器官捐献率等问题回答无显著差异（p<0.001）。尽管学生的成绩与他们对器官捐献的态度和认知之间存在相关性，但这种相关性较弱，与成绩的提高没有平行关系。
本研究表明，医学生对器官捐献的知识、态度和行为不足。我们认为，为未来制定国家器官捐献政策，为社会树立榜样的医学生候选人，在其整个学术生涯中定期接受器官捐献培训至关重要。
