Chelu Sorina, Bernad Elena, Craina Marius, Neamtu Radu, Mocanu Adelina Geanina, Vernic Corina, Chiriac Veronica Daniela, Tomescu Larisa, Borza Claudia
Discipline of Pathophysiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2022 May 16;12(5):1241. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12051241.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects a total of 3% to 9% of all pregnancies. It has a high impact on both mother and baby, increases the perinatal risks, and predicts the presence of long-term chronic metabolic complications. The aim of our study is to determine the incidence of GDM in tertiary hospitals in the west part of Romania to lay out the risk factors associated with GDM and to observe the evolution of pregnancy among patients with this pathology by emphasizing the state of birth of the fetus, the birth weight, and the way of birth. We also want to compare the prevalence of GDM in preCOVID-19 (Coronavirus disease) versus COVID-19 years. The study took place between January 2017 and December 2021 at the Municipal Emergency Hospital of Timisoara, Romania. The proportion of births with GDM was significantly increased during the COVID-19 period compared to the preCOVID-19 period (chi2 Fisher exact test, p < 0.001). The period 2020−2021 represents a significant risk factor for GDM births (OR = 1.87, with 95% CI = [1.30, 2.67]). COVID years represent a risk period for developing gestational diabetes, which can be explained by reduced physical activity, anxiety, or modified dietary habits, even if the follow-up period was not impacted.
妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）影响着总计3%至9%的所有妊娠。它对母婴都有很大影响，增加围产期风险，并预示着长期慢性代谢并发症的存在。我们研究的目的是确定罗马尼亚西部三级医院中GDM的发病率，找出与GDM相关的风险因素，并通过强调胎儿的出生状态、出生体重和分娩方式来观察患有这种病症的患者的妊娠进展情况。我们还想比较2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）之前与COVID-19期间GDM的患病率。该研究于2017年1月至2021年12月在罗马尼亚蒂米什瓦拉市立急诊医院进行。与COVID-19之前的时期相比，COVID-19期间患有GDM的分娩比例显著增加（费舍尔精确检验，p<0.001）。2020 - 2021年期间是GDM分娩的一个显著风险因素（比值比=1.87，95%置信区间=[1.30, 2.67]）。COVID-19期间是发生妊娠期糖尿病的一个风险期，这可以通过体力活动减少、焦虑或饮食习惯改变来解释，即使随访期未受影响。
