Klanjšek Petra, Pajnkihar Majda, Marčun Varda Nataša, Močnik Mirjam, Golob Jančič Sonja, Povalej Bržan Petra
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Maribor, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
Children (Basel). 2022 May 17;9(5):731. doi: 10.3390/children9050731.
There is no evidence of the most effective nutritional screening tool for hospitalized children. The present study aimed to develop a quick, simple, and valid screening tool for identifying malnutrition risk of hospital admission with non-invasive indicators. A cross-sectional study was conducted. Children`s nutritional baseline using a questionnaire, subjective malnutritional risk, and Subjective Global Nutritional Assessment were assessed on admission. Concurrent validity was assessed using American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN)and Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics assessment and Subjective Global Nutritional Assessment tool. A new screening tool Simple Pediatric Nutritional risk Screening tool (SPENS) was developed, and sensitivity, specificity and reliability were evaluated. A total of 180 children aged from 1 month to 18 years were included (142 in the development phase and 38 in the validation phase). SPENS consist of four variables and shows almost perfect agreement with subjective malnutritional risk assessment (κ = 0.837) with high sensitivity and specificity (93.3% and 91.3% respectively). Compared with Subjective Global Nutritional Assessment and ASPEN and Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics assessment, SPENS had sensitivity 92.9% and 86.7%, a specificity of 87.5% and 87.0%, and an overall agreement of 0.78 and 0.728, respectively. Due to the fast, simple, easy, and practical to use, screening the SPENS can be performed by nurses, physicians, and dieticians.
目前尚无针对住院儿童最有效营养筛查工具的证据。本研究旨在开发一种快速、简单且有效的筛查工具，通过非侵入性指标识别入院时的营养不良风险。开展了一项横断面研究。入院时通过问卷评估儿童的营养基线、主观营养不良风险和主观全面营养评估。使用美国肠外和肠内营养学会（ASPEN）以及营养与饮食学会评估和主观全面营养评估工具评估同时效度。开发了一种新的筛查工具——简易儿科营养风险筛查工具（SPENS），并评估了其敏感性、特异性和可靠性。共纳入180名年龄在1个月至18岁的儿童（142名处于开发阶段，38名处于验证阶段）。SPENS由四个变量组成，与主观营养不良风险评估显示出几乎完美的一致性（κ = 0.837），敏感性和特异性较高（分别为93.3%和91.3%）。与主观全面营养评估以及ASPEN和营养与饮食学会评估相比，SPENS的敏感性分别为92.9%和86.7%，特异性分别为87.5%和87.0%，总体一致性分别为0.78和0.728。由于快速、简单、易用且实用，护士、医生和营养师均可使用SPENS进行筛查。
