Lee Jin-Hyung, Kim Yong-Guy, Park Sunyoung, Hu Liangbin, Lee Jintae
School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
School of Food & Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
Pharmaceutics. 2022 May 12;14(5):1047. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051047.
Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease involving with other skin commensals such as and in the anaerobic and lipid-rich conditions of pilosebaceous units. These microbes readily form multispecies biofilms that are tolerant of traditional antibiotics as well as host immune systems. The phytopigment alizarin was previously found to prevent biofilm formation by and strains under aerobic conditions. Hence, we hypothesized that alizarin might control and multispecies biofilm development. We found that under anaerobic conditions, alizarin efficiently inhibited single biofilm formation and multispecies biofilm development by , , and without inhibiting planktonic cell growth. Alizarin increased the hydrophilicities of and cells, decreased lipase production by , diminished agglutination by and inhibited the aggregation of cells. Furthermore, the co-administration of alizarin and antibiotics enhanced the antibiofilm efficacies of alizarin against . A transcriptomic study showed that alizarin repressed the transcriptions of various biofilm-related genes such as lipase, hyaluronate lyase, adhesin/invasion-related, and virulence-related genes of . Furthermore, alizarin at 100 µg/mL prevented biofilm development on porcine skin. Our results show that alizarin inhibits multispecies biofilm development by acne-causing microbes and suggest it might be a useful agent for treating or preventing -causing skin diseases.
寻常痤疮是一种常见的慢性炎症性皮肤病，在毛囊皮脂腺单位的厌氧和富含脂质的环境中，它与其他皮肤共生菌（如……）有关。这些微生物很容易形成多物种生物膜，对传统抗生素以及宿主免疫系统具有耐受性。之前发现植物色素茜素在需氧条件下可阻止……菌株形成生物膜。因此，我们推测茜素可能控制……和多物种生物膜的形成。我们发现，在厌氧条件下，茜素可有效抑制……、……和……形成单一生物膜以及多物种生物膜的形成，且不抑制浮游细胞的生长。茜素增加了……和……细胞的亲水性，降低了……的脂肪酶产量，减少了……的凝集作用，并抑制了……细胞的聚集。此外，茜素与抗生素联合使用可增强茜素对……的抗生物膜功效。一项转录组学研究表明，茜素可抑制……各种与生物膜相关基因的转录，如脂肪酶、透明质酸裂解酶、黏附素/侵袭相关基因和毒力相关基因。此外，100 µg/mL的茜素可阻止……在猪皮肤上形成生物膜。我们的结果表明，茜素可抑制引起痤疮的微生物形成多物种生物膜，并表明它可能是治疗或预防由……引起的皮肤病的有用药物。
