The Institute of Information Processing and Decision Making (IIPDM), Ergonomics and Human Factors Unit, University of Haifa, Israel and Department of Psychology, Tel-Hai College, Israel.
Hum Factors. 2024 Feb;66(2):562-573. doi: 10.1177/00187208221099137. Epub 2022 May 30.
A driving simulator study was conducted to test the effect of directions pavement markings (DPMs) on drivers' performance.
The perception of traditional direction signs may be less efficient than that of DPMs because drivers allocate more attentional resources to the road than to any other location.
Two experimental conditions of DPMs were tested: (a) the name of the lane's destination town, inscribed in white letters; (b) red and white shields enclosing the name of the lane's destination town. In both conditions, the name or shield was preceded by a white arrow and traditional road signs were presented as well. The experimental conditions were compared to a baseline condition, which consisted of traditional road signs only. Various scenarios of three-lane highways were simulated and the number of vehicles on the road was manipulated, forming a 2 × 3 design (two load conditions × three experimental conditions). Twenty-two participants took part in the experiment.
Pavement markings in both configurations were highly beneficial. Compared with the baseline condition, in both experimental conditions, the drivers noticed the correct lane sooner and moved to the correct lane earlier. Results also suggested that white markings are more beneficial than shield markings; however, this finding should be further confirmed.
Lane DPMS are desirable as they are likely to improve traffic safety at relatively low cost.
Regulations demanding the presence of DPMs, at the very least in low visibility decision sites, would increase traffic safety.
进行驾驶模拟器研究以测试路面导向标记（DPM）对驾驶员性能的影响。
传统方向标志的感知效率可能不如 DPM，因为驾驶员会将更多的注意力资源分配到道路上，而不是其他任何位置。
测试了两种 DPM 实验条件：（a）在白色字母上刻有车道目的地城镇的名称；（b）用红白盾牌围住车道目的地城镇的名称。在这两种情况下，名称或盾牌前都有一个白色箭头，并且还呈现了传统的道路标志。将实验条件与仅由传统道路标志组成的基线条件进行了比较。模拟了三车道高速公路的各种场景，并操纵了道路上的车辆数量，形成了 2×3 的设计（两个负载条件×三个实验条件）。22 名参与者参加了实验。
两种配置的路面标记都非常有益。与基线条件相比，在两种实验条件下，驾驶员都更早地注意到正确的车道，并更早地驶入正确的车道。结果还表明，白色标记比盾牌标记更有益；但是，这一发现还需要进一步证实。
车道 DPM 是可取的，因为它们可以以相对较低的成本提高交通安全。
要求存在 DPM 的法规，至少在低能见度决策点需要存在 DPM，这将提高交通安全。
