College of Medical Humanities, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, PR China.
College of Medical Humanities, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, PR China; Guiyang Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Guiyang 550025, PR China.
Res Dev Disabil. 2022 Aug;127:104262. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104262. Epub 2022 May 25.
Converging evidence has found that the inhibitory control of children with attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is context-dependent and particularly susceptible to the event rate. The Moderate Brain Arousal (MBA) model predicts a U-shaped curve between event rate and performance as a modulation of brain arousal. The neuroenergetics theory (NeT) proposes that a smaller event rate results in neuronal fatigue and subsequent descent performance. However, previous work applied the traditional one-dimensional index of performance, such as accuracy rate and response time, which might limit the exploration of the event rate effect on the specific underlying process.
We used a diffusion decision model (DDM) to study the influence of event rate on inhibition control in children with ADHD and verified the explanation of the MBA model and the NeT.
The Stop Signal Task manipulated by four event rate conditions was conducted with 24 children with ADHD (mean age=8.5, males=16) and 29 typical developmental children (TDC) (mean age=9.0, males=12). DDM was applied to compare the differences in the DDM parameters across different event rates.
Compared with TDC, children with ADHD had a smaller drift rate, longer non-decision time, and smaller boundary separation. Although the event rate had little influence on ADHD, the drift rate of the TDC was approximately linear with an increased event rate, and the Ter had a quadratic function relationship with the event rate.
The event rate effect may influence children's performance through dual mechanisms. Neuronal energy supply could regulate information processing and brain arousal to regulate the activation of primary stimuli encoding and motor control. Insight into the multi-mechanism of ADHD cognition deficits would be helpful for clinicians in making objective diagnoses and effective targeted treatments.
越来越多的证据表明，患有注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童的抑制控制是上下文相关的，并且特别容易受到事件率的影响。适度脑唤醒（MBA）模型预测，事件率与表现之间呈 U 形曲线关系，这是脑唤醒调节的结果。神经能量学理论（NeT）提出，较小的事件率会导致神经元疲劳，从而导致后续表现下降。然而，之前的研究采用了传统的一维表现指标，如准确率和反应时间，这可能限制了对事件率对特定潜在过程的影响的探索。
我们使用扩散决策模型（DDM）研究了事件率对 ADHD 儿童抑制控制的影响，并验证了 MBA 模型和 NeT 的解释。
使用四个事件率条件操纵的停止信号任务，对 24 名 ADHD 儿童（平均年龄=8.5，男性=16）和 29 名典型发育儿童（TDC）（平均年龄=9.0，男性=12）进行了测试。应用 DDM 比较了不同事件率下 DDM 参数的差异。
与 TDC 相比，ADHD 儿童的漂移率较小，非决策时间较长，边界分离较小。尽管事件率对 ADHD 影响不大，但 TDC 的漂移率随事件率的增加近似线性增加，而 Ter 与事件率呈二次函数关系。
事件率效应可能通过双重机制影响儿童的表现。神经元能量供应可以调节信息处理和脑唤醒，从而调节主要刺激编码和运动控制的激活。深入了解 ADHD 认知缺陷的多机制将有助于临床医生进行客观诊断和有效靶向治疗。
