Centro para El Estudio de Sistemas Marinos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CESIMAR-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Argentina; Instituto Patagónico Del Mar, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y de La Salud, Universidad Nacional de La Patagonia "San Juan Bosco" (IPaM-UNPSJB), Puerto Madryn, Argentina.
Centro para El Estudio de Sistemas Marinos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CESIMAR-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Argentina.
Environ Res. 2022 Sep;212(Pt E):113484. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113484. Epub 2022 May 27.
Plastic pollution in aquatic environments is present in all compartments from surface water to benthic sediment, becoming a topic of emerging concern due to the internalization, retention time, and its effects on aquatic biota. Crustacea with nearly 70,000 species, broad distribution and different roles in the trophic webs is a significant target of the increasing plastic pollution. At least 98 publications in the last 10 years report the impact of plastics in crustaceans, all suggesting that this taxon is at high risk for ecosystem disadvantage by plastic contamination loads. This review compiles the current knowledge on physiological effects (endpoints) by plastic contamination analyzed in crustaceans in the last 10 years, highlighting their use as model species for ecotoxicological tests, sentinels species and bioindicators. Plastic contamination analyzed in this review includes macroplastic, microplastic, and nanoplastic, in a wide variety of types. The studies were focused on 38 marine species with an economic interest in fisheries and aquaculture; 14 freshwater with a higher frequency in standard test species and 4 estuarial and 3 mangrove species with ecological interest. The publications reviewed were divided into studies describing plastic presence in crustaceans without reporting toxic effects and those with analysis of plastic toxicity. Publications describing the plastic presence in the organisms show that the ingestion in individual effects and food-web transfer in ecological effects were the most frequent endpoints. The publications that analyzed plastic toxicity through survival, nutrition-metabolism-assimilation, and reproduction in individual effects, and bioaccumulation in ecological effects were the most frequent endpoints. This review gathers the available information on the use of crustaceans as model species in environmental impact for toxicity screening and hazard assessment. Besides, identifying knowledge gaps will let us propose some future directions in research and the effects on target fisheries species which involves a possible effect on human health.
水生环境中的塑料污染存在于地表水到底栖沉积物的所有环境中，由于其在体内的内化、滞留时间及其对水生生物群的影响，已成为一个新出现的关注问题。甲壳类动物有近 7 万种，分布广泛，在营养网中扮演着不同的角色，是受日益增加的塑料污染影响的重要目标。在过去的 10 年中，至少有 98 篇文献报道了塑料对甲壳类动物的影响，所有这些文献都表明，这个分类单元由于塑料污染负荷对生态系统的不利影响而处于高风险之中。本综述总结了过去 10 年中甲壳类动物受塑料污染影响的生理效应（终点）的现有知识，强调了它们作为生态毒理学测试模型物种、哨兵物种和生物标志物的用途。本综述分析的塑料污染包括宏观塑料、微塑料和纳米塑料，种类繁多。这些研究集中在 38 种具有渔业和水产养殖经济利益的海洋物种上；14 种淡水物种的标准测试物种频率较高，4 种河口和 3 种红树林物种具有生态意义。综述中所审查的出版物分为描述甲壳类动物中存在塑料而不报告毒性效应的研究和分析塑料毒性的研究。描述生物体中存在塑料的出版物表明，个体效应中的摄食和食物网传递以及生态效应中的生态转移是最常见的终点。通过个体效应中的生存、营养-代谢-吸收和繁殖，以及生态效应中的生物累积来分析塑料毒性的出版物是最常见的终点。本综述汇集了有关甲壳类动物作为毒性筛选和危害评估环境影响模型物种的现有信息。此外，确定知识空白将使我们能够提出一些未来的研究方向，并对目标渔业物种产生影响，这可能会对人类健康产生影响。
