Tasse Ibsa, Mengistu Dechasa Adare, Belina Dinaol, Girma Sisay
Fedis Livestock and Fishery Office, Eastern Hararghe Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.
Department of Environmental Health, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Microbiol Insights. 2022 May 21;15:11786361221099876. doi: 10.1177/11786361221099876. eCollection 2022.
Camel milk is the key food for pastoralists in the arid and semi-arid areas of the eastern lowlands of Ethiopia. Unless it is handled under good hygienic conditions, milk can be a good medium for bacterial growth and can lead to foodborne diseases caused by various pathogenic microorganisms, such as . The current study was aimed to determine the prevalence of in raw camel milk and associated factors in Fedis, Eastern Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2, 2018 to May 26, 2019 in Fedis, Eastern Hararghe, Ethiopia. The questionnaire was used to determine the hygienic practices of camel milkers and sellers. Laboratory analysis was conducted to determine the level of . A total of 156 (78 from households and 78 from selling sites) milk samples were collected randomly from selected camel herd owners and selling sites for the isolation and enumeration of . Data analysis was carried out using SPSS software version 22.0. Finally, Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to analyze the data. A -value of .05 was considered as the cut-off point for statistical significance.
A total of 156 samples, including 78 samples of raw milk from the households and 78 samples from the market were purchased to determine . Out of 156 samples, was detected in 60 (38.5%) samples, of which 27 (34.6%) and 33 (42.3%) were among those collected from household and market, respectively. The overall mean count was 4.83 log CFU/mL, with household and market samples accounted for 2.76 and 5.08 log CFU/mL, respectively. Furthermore, 23 (38.3%) of the samples were contaminated with beyond the recommended level (4-5 log CFU/mL). There was a statistically significant association (-value of <.05) between the prevalence of and other variables such as age of the camel, parity, lactation stages, and sources of milk.
More than one-third of milk samples were contaminated with at levels higher than the maximum permitted level. The findings of the current study suggests that there is a potential risk of foodborne infection and intoxication. Therefore, implementation of adequate hygiene and safety practices is very important to prevent the consumption of contaminated fruit juices, which leads to foodborne illness.
骆驼奶是埃塞俄比亚东部低地干旱和半干旱地区牧民的主要食物。除非在良好的卫生条件下处理，牛奶可能是细菌生长的良好媒介，并可能导致由各种致病微生物引起的食源性疾病，如 。本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚东部费迪斯生骆驼奶中 的流行率及相关因素。
2018年12月2日至2019年5月26日在埃塞俄比亚东部哈拉尔格的费迪斯进行了一项横断面研究。使用问卷来确定骆驼挤奶者和销售者的卫生习惯。进行实验室分析以确定 的水平。从选定的骆驼群所有者和销售地点随机采集了总共156份（78份来自家庭，78份来自销售点）牛奶样本，用于 的分离和计数。使用SPSS软件22.0版进行数据分析。最后，使用卡方检验和费舍尔精确检验来分析数据。 值为.05被视为具有统计学意义的临界点。
总共购买了156份样本，包括78份来自家庭的生牛奶样本和78份来自市场的样本，以确定 。在156份样本中，在60份（38.5%）样本中检测到 ，其中分别有27份（34.6%）和33份（42.3%）来自家庭和市场采集的样本。总体平均 计数为4.83 log CFU/mL，家庭和市场样本分别为2.76和5.08 log CFU/mL。此外，23份（38.3%）样本被 污染超过推荐水平（4 - 5 log CFU/mL）。 在流行率与其他变量如骆驼年龄、胎次、泌乳阶段和牛奶来源之间存在统计学显著关联（ 值<0.05）。
超过三分之一的牛奶样本被 污染，且污染水平高于最大允许水平。本研究结果表明存在食源性感染和中毒的潜在风险。因此，实施适当的卫生和安全措施对于防止食用受污染的果汁非常重要，因为这会导致食源性疾病。
