Mishra Jitendra, Mishra Isha, Arora Naveen Kumar
Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, UP 226025 India.
3 Biotech. 2022 Jun;12(6):138. doi: 10.1007/s13205-022-03201-7. Epub 2022 May 24.
Maize ( L.) is a major cereal crop grown in a large number of countries. Loss in maize yield due to biotic stresses including fungal phytopathogens is a matter of immense concern. Control measures applied for eradication of fungal phytopathogens in maize are not up to the mark and more often involve harsh chemical(s)/pesticide(s) that cause deleterious effects both in humans and soil biota. Greener alternatives, such as the use of rhizosphere microbes in the form of bioinoculants, have proven to be very successful in terms of enhancing crop yield and suppressing fungal phytopathogens. In the present study, fluorescent pseudomonads were isolated from the maize rhizosphere and monitored for their plant growth-promoting (PGP) and biocontrol activities against . Based on various PGP traits and biocontrol potential, isolate JM-1 was found to be most effective and as per 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis was identified as . Further experiments showed that the biocontrol potential of JM-1 against ear rot fungus involved the production of antifungal compound 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG). When examined for antagonistic interaction under scanning electron microscopy (SEM), structural abnormality, hyphal lysis, and deformity in fungal mycelium were observed. In the pot experiment, application of talc-based JM-1 containing bioformulation (in pot trials) showed significant enhancement in maize growth parameters (including the seed number and weight) in comparison to control even in presence of the phytopathogen. Ear fresh weight, dry weight, number of seeds per plant, and 100-grain weight were found to increase significantly by 34, 34, 52, and 18% respectively, in comparison to control. JM-1 can therefore be used as a bioinoculant for ear rot disease control and sustainably enhancing maize yield.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03201-7.
玉米（L.）是许多国家种植的主要谷类作物。包括真菌性植物病原体在内的生物胁迫导致玉米产量损失，这是一个极为令人担忧的问题。用于根除玉米中真菌性植物病原体的控制措施并不达标，而且更多时候涉及对人类和土壤生物群均有有害影响的烈性化学物质/农药。更环保的替代方法，例如以生物菌剂形式使用根际微生物，已被证明在提高作物产量和抑制真菌性植物病原体方面非常成功。在本研究中，从玉米根际分离出荧光假单胞菌，并监测其促进植物生长（PGP）和对……的生物防治活性。基于各种PGP特性和生物防治潜力，分离株JM - 1被发现最有效，根据16S rRNA基因测序分析被鉴定为……。进一步的实验表明，JM - 1对穗腐病菌的生物防治潜力涉及抗真菌化合物2,4 - 二乙酰基间苯三酚（DAPG）的产生。在扫描电子显微镜（SEM）下检查拮抗相互作用时，观察到真菌菌丝体出现结构异常、菌丝溶解和畸形。在盆栽试验中，与对照相比，即使在存在植物病原体的情况下，施用含滑石粉的JM - 1生物制剂（盆栽试验）也显示出玉米生长参数（包括种子数量和重量）显著提高。与对照相比，穗鲜重、干重、单株种子数和百粒重分别显著增加了34%、34%、52%和18%。因此，JM - 1可用作生物菌剂来控制穗腐病并可持续提高玉米产量。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s13205 - 022 - 03201 - 7获取的补充材料。
