Agarwal Himani, Kashyap Vikrant Hari, Mishra Arti, Bordoloi Smita, Singh Prashant Kumar, Joshi Naveen Chandra
Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh India.
Department of Life Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam India.
3 Biotech. 2022 Jun;12(6):136. doi: 10.1007/s13205-022-03195-2. Epub 2022 May 24.
Soil is an integral part of the ecosystem because it serves as a habitat for various microorganisms and lays the foundation for supporting plant growth and development. Therefore, factors such as increased anthropogenic activities hand by hand with other natural processes that harm the ecosystem may eventually lead to a decline in soil quality and fertility, hindering the growth of plants and soil microbial communities. Given the current global scenario of increasing human intervention, it is essential to find effective measures and reliable technologies to restore soil quality. Biochar is an emerging soil ameliorant employed for soil health restoration and is primarily generated through the anoxygenic pyrolysis of biomass. The biochar application in soil remediation may be beneficial due to biochar's unique physicochemical properties, including high carbon and metal fixation abilities. In addition, biochar possesses abilities to reduce the plant's environmental stress injuries. This review briefly overviewed the ingredients and mechanism of biochar productions. We then emphatically reviewed the advances in biochar applications in soil bioremediation, soil microflora growth stimulation, and the alleviation of various biotic and abiotic stresses in plants.
土壤是生态系统不可或缺的一部分，因为它为各种微生物提供了栖息地，并为支持植物生长和发育奠定了基础。因此，与其他损害生态系统的自然过程相伴的人类活动增加等因素，最终可能导致土壤质量和肥力下降，阻碍植物和土壤微生物群落的生长。鉴于当前全球人类干预不断增加的情况，找到恢复土壤质量的有效措施和可靠技术至关重要。生物炭是一种新兴的用于恢复土壤健康的土壤改良剂，主要通过生物质的缺氧热解产生。由于生物炭具有独特的物理化学性质，包括高碳和金属固定能力，因此将其应用于土壤修复可能会有益处。此外，生物炭具有减轻植物环境胁迫伤害的能力。本综述简要概述了生物炭生产的成分和机制。然后，我们着重综述了生物炭在土壤生物修复、刺激土壤微生物生长以及减轻植物各种生物和非生物胁迫方面的应用进展。
